癌瘤发生发展的机理,仍有很多问题未弄清楚。为防治癌瘤,研究其发病机制是重要环节,研究的方法不外乎体内和体外试验。体内试验向来以动物癌瘤为主要对象,包括自发、诱发、移植肿瘤等,在肿瘤发病机理研究史上有过重要贡献,至今仍是最常用的实验方法。但此法具有不少机体本身的复杂因素,为排除体内因素的影响,就把活的细胞和组织从机体内分离出来,加以培 There are still many problems in the mechanism of carcinogenesis and development. For the prevention and treatment of cancer, the study of its pathogenesis is an important part, and the research methods are nothing more than in vivo and in vitro tests. In vivo experiments have always used animal cancer as the main target, including spontaneous, induced, and transplanted tumors. They have made important contributions in the history of tumor pathogenesis and are still the most commonly used experimental methods. However, this method has many complex factors of the body itself. In order to exclude the influence of factors in the body, living cells and tissues are separated from the body and cultivated.