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目的:研究农村居民乙肝认知水平分布公平程度及其影响因素的贡献率大小。方法:利用集中指数线性分解法分析农村居民个人、家庭基本情况及乙肝认知相关数据,采用多阶段随机抽样与容量比例概率抽样相结合的方法在样本省的农村地区抽取样本2927人。结果:乙肝认知得分的集中指数为0.0476,表明得分高者多分布在较富的人群中,存在不公平的现象。方差分析发现,年龄、教育程度、婚姻状况、职业、收入及省份对乙肝认知水平的影响均有统计学意义,回归模型与其结果基本保持一致,唯一不同点是婚姻状况不再是显著性因素。集中指数分解结果显示:社会经济因素对其贡献最大,占55.05%,其次为地域差异和人口学特征。结论:针对处于社会经济弱势地位人群的乙肝知识宣教是消除认知不公平的首要途径,而重点地区为经济发展较为落后与少数民族聚居的省份。
Objective: To study the fairness of hepatitis B cognition and its contributing factors in rural residents. Methods: Using the method of concentration index linear decomposition to analyze the basic information of individuals and families in rural areas and the related data of hepatitis B cognition, a total of 2927 samples were collected from rural areas in the sample province by means of multi-stage random sampling and proportional sampling of capacity proportion. Results: The concentration index of cognitive score of hepatitis B was 0.0476, indicating that the higher scores were distributed among the richer people, which was unfair. Analysis of variance showed that age, education level, marital status, occupation, income and provinces have significant effects on the cognitive level of hepatitis B, and the regression model is consistent with the results, the only difference is that marital status is no longer a significant factor . Concentration index decomposition results show that: social and economic factors to contribute to the largest, accounting for 55.05%, followed by regional differences and demographic characteristics. Conclusion: Hepatitis B knowledge education for people in a disadvantaged socio-economic status is the primary way to eliminate cognitive inequity, while key areas are provinces where economic development is relatively backward and ethnic minorities live together.