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崛起于八十年代的乡镇企业,经过十几年的风风雨雨,不仅推动了中国经济体制改革,改变了中国经济格局,改变了九亿农民的生存和发展方式,而且己经成为中国经济发展的一支生力军,对整个国家走向新世纪的前途和命运起着举足轻重的作用。然而正当人们赞扬乡镇企业巨大成就的同时,其自身发展所暴露的一个重要问题必须引起我们足够的重视,这就是做为乡镇企业先导力量的乡村集体企业在一些地区发展明显滞后,甚至出现滑坡萎缩,进入九十年代以来,由于若干内外部因素的制约,这一矛盾正随着乡镇企业自身发展而日益尖锐化。以沧州市为例,乡村企业占乡镇企业总量的比重由1990年的47.3%下降到九五年的40%,1996年以来,这一势头虽有所扼制,但乡村集体企业不论是在总量上还是发展质量上都不尽如人意,从乡镇企业所有制构成看,“两户”企业仍占主体。全市6620家乡村集体企业中,有
The township enterprises that emerged in the 1980s, after more than a decade of ups and downs, not only promoted the reform of China’s economic system, changed the economic structure of China, changed the way of survival and development of 900 million farmers, and have become the economic development of China. A fresh force has played a pivotal role in the nation’s future and destiny in the new century. However, just as people praised the tremendous achievements of township and village enterprises, an important issue exposed by their own development must arouse our full attention. This is how rural collective enterprises, which are the leading force of township enterprises, have lags behind in some areas and have even experienced a decline in landslides. Since the 1990s, due to the constraints of several internal and external factors, this contradiction has become increasingly acute with the development of township and village enterprises. In Bozhou City, for example, the proportion of rural enterprises in the total volume of township and township enterprises fell from 47.3% in 1990 to 40% in 1995. Since 1996, although this trend has been curbed, rural collective enterprises are not The quantity or quality of development is not satisfactory. From the perspective of the ownership structure of township enterprises, the “two households” enterprise still occupies the majority. Among the 6,620 rural collective enterprises in the city, there are