论文部分内容阅读
七十年代初发展起来一种异相反应的新理论和方法被Starks称之为相转移催化,它一问世就显示出了强大的生命力。本文着重介绍关于相转移催化一般原理和应用,并给出了应用硬软酸碱规则设计相转移催化反应实例。一、相转移催化的基本原理首先,让我们看一个实验事例:1-氯辛烷与异相的氰化钠水溶液一起加热,在两星期内不发生反应,但若在两相中加入季鏻盐时,反应可在较短时间内完成,并获得高产率的产品。
A new theory and method of heterogeneous reaction developed in the early seventies is called phase transfer catalysis by Starks. As soon as it came out, it showed great vitality. This article focuses on the general principles and applications of phase transfer catalysis, and gives examples of the design of phase transfer catalysis using hard and soft acid-base rules. First, the basic principles of phase-transfer catalysis First, let us look at an experimental case: 1-chlorooctane and heterogeneous sodium cyanide solution heated together in two weeks does not react, but if the quaternary phosphonium was added to the two phases Salt, the reaction can be completed in a shorter period of time and a high yield of product is obtained.