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一、重点单词
1. recognize
【考纲释义】 vt. 认出；辨认；承认；认可；公认
【备考实例】 My uncle had changed so much over the years that I could hardly _______ him at the airport.
A. understand B. realize
C. recognize D. know
【考点解析】句意“我叔叔这些年变化太大了以致于我在机场都几乎认不出他了”。答案为C。recognize意为“认出；辨认”，understand“理解”，realize“意识到”，know“知道，认识”。
【知识拓展】 recognition n. 认识；认出；承认recognize sb. / sth. as / to be认出……是；承认……是be recognized as 被承认是，被认出是
【辨析】 know表示“认识某人”（know sb.）或“知道某事”（know sth.）；recognize 为短暂性动词，不能与延续的时间状语连用；如需表示长时期相识时，可用动词 know 取代 recognize。
2. explain
【考纲释义】vt. 解释；说明
【备考实例】 Is this the reason _______at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?
A. he explained
B. what he explained
C. how he explained
D. why he explained
【考点解析】句意“这是他在会议上为自己工作马虎解释的原因吗”。答案为A。explain为及物动词，先行词reason作其宾语，关系代词可省略。
【知识拓展】explain sth. to sb. = explain to sb sth. 向某人解释explain oneself把自己的意思解释清楚
3. attend
【考纲释义】 vt. 参加；到场；出席
【备考实例】
—Would you like to _______ my birthday party tomorrow?
— Sorry, but I have something important to _______.
A. attend; attend
B. attend to; attend to
C. attend; attend to
D. attend to; attend
【考点解析】句意“‘你愿意参加我明天的生日聚会吗？’‘对不起，我有重要的事情去处理。’”答案为C，attend意为“参加；出席”，attend to意为“处理；照料”。
【知识拓展】attend school 去上学 attend a meeting参加会议 attend to 处理；照料；接待
4. advantage
【考纲释义】 n. 优势；益处
【备考实例】 I’d like to take_______ of this opportunity to thank you all for your cooperation.
A. profit B. benefit
C. advantage D. interests
【考点解析】句意“我想利用这次机会为你们的合作感谢你们所有人。”take advantage of意为“利用”，答案为C。
【知识拓展】 take advantage of利用，占……的便宜 gain / have an advantage over 胜过；优于
5. charge
【考纲释义】vt. 充电；索要；要价；告发n. 费用；索价；掌管；管理
【备考实例】 A new director is appointed
to take _______ charge of this research center, which was in _______ charge of an old scientist.
A. the; theB. / ; /C. the; / D. /; the
【考点解析】句意“一名新领导被派来管理这个研究中心，它以前是由一位老科学家来管理的。”答案为D。take charge of 意为“管理”，in the charge of sb.意为“由某人管理”。
【知识拓展】 charge sb. some money for sth.为某物向某人索要多少钱
Charge sb. with sth. / doing sth.控告某人做了某事
free of charge 免费地 in charge of掌管；负责 in the charge of sb. / in one’s charge 由某人管理 take charge of管理
6. prove
【考纲释义】 vt. 证明；证实vi. 显示；证明是；成为
【备考实例】 The news, which brought
about a panic, finally_______to be false.
A. was proved B. proved
C. was proving D. had been proved
【考点解析】句意“给人们带来恐慌的消息最后证明是虚假的。”prove可用作连系动词，后接“（to be）＋名词或形容词”，不用于被动语态和进行时态。答案为B。
【知识拓展】 prove sth. to sb. 向某人证明 prove（to be） + adj. / n.证明是……，结果是……
7. sense
【考纲释义】 n.感觉；意识；明智
【备考实例】 As we all know, dogs have a keen _______ of smell.
A. feeling B. idea
C. knowledge D. sense
【考点解析】句意“我们都知道，狗有着灵敏的嗅觉。”答案为D。a sense of smell意为“嗅觉”。
【知识拓展】common sense常识 the sense of sight / smell / taste / touch视觉；嗅觉；味觉；触觉 make sense讲得通；有道理；有意义 make sense of 弄明白；理解It makes sense to do sth.做某事是明智的
8. doubt
【考纲释义】 n. 怀疑；疑惑vt.怀疑；不相信
【备考实例】 I have some doubt _______ his words, but I have no doubt _______ he has passed the exam.
A. about; if B. of; whether
C. about; that D. to; whether
【考点解析】句意“我对他的话表示怀疑，但我不怀疑他通过了考试。”have doubt about sth. 对……疑问，there is no doubt that 必定；不怀疑。答案为C。
【知识拓展】 doubt常见句型：
beyond（all）doubt 毫无疑问；无疑地 in doubt怀疑；不肯定；拿不准 no doubt 肯定地；想必；十之八九without（a） doubt 毫无疑问；一定地
二、重点短语
1. call on拜访；访问；号召；要求
I had planned to call on Mr. Smith, but I was too busy.我本打算去拜访史密斯先生，但我实在太忙了。
【知识拓展】call back召回；收回；回电话； call for 要求；需要；提倡；为争取……而呼吁call in 召来；召集；来访某地；call off 叫走，支开；放弃，取消 call up打电话；使回忆起；应征入伍
2. bring back 带回来；使回忆起；使恢复
His story brought back our happy childhood together. 他讲的故事使我们联想到幸福的童年。
This new medicine brought me back to health quickly.这种新药使我很快恢复了健康。
【知识拓展】 bring down使……下降，倒下，击落； bring up教育，教养（儿童），提出（议题，计划），打断； bring in 引进，赚钱， bring … to an end结束；bring … to life使…… 苏醒；bring … to light发现，将…… 公之于世
3. pay off还清（债务等）；付清
It took Charlie ten years to pay off his debt.查理花了十年时间才将债务还清。
He paid off all the debts on time. 他按时把债还清了。
【知识拓展】 pay back偿还；还钱给某人；pay for 付 …… 款pay off 还清（债务等）
4. after all毕竟；终究；到底
It’s not surprising you’re tired. After all, you were up until eleven last night! 难怪你感到疲倦。别忘了，你昨天晚上 11 点才睡觉呢。
Mathilde thought it was a diamond necklace, but it wasn’t a real one after all.玛蒂尔德原以为那是一条钻石项链，但那原来不是真的钻石项链。
5. come up with（针对问题等）想出；提供
No one has come up with a convincing explanation of why dinosaurs died out.尚未有人能对恐龙的灭绝做出一个令人信服的解释。
6. go against 违背；不利于
Don’t do anything that should go against his will.不要做违背他心意的事。
If you go against nature, it will punish you.如果你违背了大自然，它就会惩罚你。
7. add … to … 把某物加入某物
If you add 4 to 3 you will get 7.四加三得七。
What value can you add to our organization? 您能为我们的组织增添什么价值？
【知识拓展】 add to sth.增加 add up to总计，共计
8. test on 在……上做试验；测验
Many people are against new drugs being tested on animals. 很多人反对用动物来做新药试验。
The chairperson of the Wild Animals Club is giving a test on wild animals.野生动物俱乐部的主席正在就野生动物进行一次测试。
三、重点句型
1. can表推测的用法
【课文原句】 In fact you do, but you may not remember me. It can’t be true, Pierre!
【经典考例】
—Isn’t that Ann’s husband over there?
— No, it _______be him. I’m sure he doesn’t wear glasses.（NMET 2004 I）
A. can’t B. must not
C. won’t D. may not
【考点解析】答案为A。can’t表示不可能；mustn’t表示禁止，won’t 表示不愿意；may not表示可能不。根据语境中及I’m sure表示答话的人肯定不是Ann的丈夫。can表推测多用于否定句，疑问句中。
2. 一般过去时
【课文原句】Mathilde! Oh yes. Sorry, I didn’t recognize you.
【经典考例】
— Ouch! You hurt me!
—I am sorry. But I _______any harm.
I ______ to drive a rat out.（江西）
A. didn’t mean; tried
B. don’t mean; am trying
C. haven’t meant; tried
D. didn’t mean; was trying
【考点解析】此题意为“我没想伤害你， 我只是一直尽力想把老鼠赶出去”。第一空表示“原无意（伤害）”用didn’t mean。第二空表示“当时在做”故用was doing。答案为D。注意在过去时的使用中，有时没有明显的过去时间状语，而是通过上下文来体现。
3. 分隔式定语从句
【课文原句】Do you remember one afternoon ten years ago when I came to your house and borrowed a necklace of yours?
【经典考例】 The film brought the hours back to me _______I was taken good care of in that far-away village. （NMET 2001）
A. until B. that C. whenD. where
【考点解析】通常定语从句与其先行词是紧密连接在一起的，但是有时先行词与从句之间被其它成分隔开。解此类题的关键是找准先行词。答案为C。从句与先行词hours被back to me隔开，关系副词when指代先行词the hours并在从句中作状语。
4. 强调谓语
【课文原句】 Pierre and I did have a very good time at the ball.
【经典考例】 An awful accident_______, however, occur the other day. （上海 2000）
A. does B. did C. has toD. had to
【考点解析】 do是助动词, 用在肯定句中, 起强调谓语作用, 带有感情色彩, 意为 “真的, 的确”。答案为B。句意为“几天前的确发生了一起严重的事故。”由the other day 可知应用过去时。
5. 祈使句 ＋ and ＋ 陈述句
【课文原句】 Tie the corners of the handkerchief to the points of the cross, and you will have a nice strong kite.
【经典考例】 _______and I’ll get the work finished. （NMET 2006 重庆）
A. Have one more hour
B. One more hour
C. Given one more hour
D. If I have one more hour
【考点解析】在“祈使句 ＋ and ＋ 陈述句”结构中，前面的祈使句相当于一个条件状语从句，而陈述句表示结果，其中and起连接作用表顺承。答案为B。one more hour相当于一个条件从句If you give me one more hour。由于句中有并列连词and，故C，D项不正确，A项结构正确，但句意不符。
6. 动词-ing的完成式
【课文原句】Having realized that I could use a kite to attract lightning, I decided to do an experiment.
【经典考例】 1. The storm left, _______ a lot of damage to this area. （NMET 2005全国）
A. caused B. to have caused
C. to cause D. having caused
2. _______ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home. （NMET2004北京）
A. To wait B. Have waited
C. Having waited D. To have waited
【考点解析】例1答案为D，例2答案为C。动词-ing的完成式having done表示该动作在谓语动作发生之前已经完成，两个动作之间有明显的时间间隔，使用现在分词的完成式时通常是为了强调两个动作的发生有明显的先后顺序和时间间隔。
1. recognize
【考纲释义】 vt. 认出；辨认；承认；认可；公认
【备考实例】 My uncle had changed so much over the years that I could hardly _______ him at the airport.
A. understand B. realize
C. recognize D. know
【考点解析】句意“我叔叔这些年变化太大了以致于我在机场都几乎认不出他了”。答案为C。recognize意为“认出；辨认”，understand“理解”，realize“意识到”，know“知道，认识”。
【知识拓展】 recognition n. 认识；认出；承认recognize sb. / sth. as / to be认出……是；承认……是be recognized as 被承认是，被认出是
【辨析】 know表示“认识某人”（know sb.）或“知道某事”（know sth.）；recognize 为短暂性动词，不能与延续的时间状语连用；如需表示长时期相识时，可用动词 know 取代 recognize。
2. explain
【考纲释义】vt. 解释；说明
【备考实例】 Is this the reason _______at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?
A. he explained
B. what he explained
C. how he explained
D. why he explained
【考点解析】句意“这是他在会议上为自己工作马虎解释的原因吗”。答案为A。explain为及物动词，先行词reason作其宾语，关系代词可省略。
【知识拓展】explain sth. to sb. = explain to sb sth. 向某人解释explain oneself把自己的意思解释清楚
3. attend
【考纲释义】 vt. 参加；到场；出席
【备考实例】
—Would you like to _______ my birthday party tomorrow?
— Sorry, but I have something important to _______.
A. attend; attend
B. attend to; attend to
C. attend; attend to
D. attend to; attend
【考点解析】句意“‘你愿意参加我明天的生日聚会吗？’‘对不起，我有重要的事情去处理。’”答案为C，attend意为“参加；出席”，attend to意为“处理；照料”。
【知识拓展】attend school 去上学 attend a meeting参加会议 attend to 处理；照料；接待
4. advantage
【考纲释义】 n. 优势；益处
【备考实例】 I’d like to take_______ of this opportunity to thank you all for your cooperation.
A. profit B. benefit
C. advantage D. interests
【考点解析】句意“我想利用这次机会为你们的合作感谢你们所有人。”take advantage of意为“利用”，答案为C。
【知识拓展】 take advantage of利用，占……的便宜 gain / have an advantage over 胜过；优于
5. charge
【考纲释义】vt. 充电；索要；要价；告发n. 费用；索价；掌管；管理
【备考实例】 A new director is appointed
to take _______ charge of this research center, which was in _______ charge of an old scientist.
A. the; theB. / ; /C. the; / D. /; the
【考点解析】句意“一名新领导被派来管理这个研究中心，它以前是由一位老科学家来管理的。”答案为D。take charge of 意为“管理”，in the charge of sb.意为“由某人管理”。
【知识拓展】 charge sb. some money for sth.为某物向某人索要多少钱
Charge sb. with sth. / doing sth.控告某人做了某事
free of charge 免费地 in charge of掌管；负责 in the charge of sb. / in one’s charge 由某人管理 take charge of管理
6. prove
【考纲释义】 vt. 证明；证实vi. 显示；证明是；成为
【备考实例】 The news, which brought
about a panic, finally_______to be false.
A. was proved B. proved
C. was proving D. had been proved
【考点解析】句意“给人们带来恐慌的消息最后证明是虚假的。”prove可用作连系动词，后接“（to be）＋名词或形容词”，不用于被动语态和进行时态。答案为B。
【知识拓展】 prove sth. to sb. 向某人证明 prove（to be） + adj. / n.证明是……，结果是……
7. sense
【考纲释义】 n.感觉；意识；明智
【备考实例】 As we all know, dogs have a keen _______ of smell.
A. feeling B. idea
C. knowledge D. sense
【考点解析】句意“我们都知道，狗有着灵敏的嗅觉。”答案为D。a sense of smell意为“嗅觉”。
【知识拓展】common sense常识 the sense of sight / smell / taste / touch视觉；嗅觉；味觉；触觉 make sense讲得通；有道理；有意义 make sense of 弄明白；理解It makes sense to do sth.做某事是明智的
8. doubt
【考纲释义】 n. 怀疑；疑惑vt.怀疑；不相信
【备考实例】 I have some doubt _______ his words, but I have no doubt _______ he has passed the exam.
A. about; if B. of; whether
C. about; that D. to; whether
【考点解析】句意“我对他的话表示怀疑，但我不怀疑他通过了考试。”have doubt about sth. 对……疑问，there is no doubt that 必定；不怀疑。答案为C。
【知识拓展】 doubt常见句型：
beyond（all）doubt 毫无疑问；无疑地 in doubt怀疑；不肯定；拿不准 no doubt 肯定地；想必；十之八九without（a） doubt 毫无疑问；一定地
二、重点短语
1. call on拜访；访问；号召；要求
I had planned to call on Mr. Smith, but I was too busy.我本打算去拜访史密斯先生，但我实在太忙了。
【知识拓展】call back召回；收回；回电话； call for 要求；需要；提倡；为争取……而呼吁call in 召来；召集；来访某地；call off 叫走，支开；放弃，取消 call up打电话；使回忆起；应征入伍
2. bring back 带回来；使回忆起；使恢复
His story brought back our happy childhood together. 他讲的故事使我们联想到幸福的童年。
This new medicine brought me back to health quickly.这种新药使我很快恢复了健康。
【知识拓展】 bring down使……下降，倒下，击落； bring up教育，教养（儿童），提出（议题，计划），打断； bring in 引进，赚钱， bring … to an end结束；bring … to life使…… 苏醒；bring … to light发现，将…… 公之于世
3. pay off还清（债务等）；付清
It took Charlie ten years to pay off his debt.查理花了十年时间才将债务还清。
He paid off all the debts on time. 他按时把债还清了。
【知识拓展】 pay back偿还；还钱给某人；pay for 付 …… 款pay off 还清（债务等）
4. after all毕竟；终究；到底
It’s not surprising you’re tired. After all, you were up until eleven last night! 难怪你感到疲倦。别忘了，你昨天晚上 11 点才睡觉呢。
Mathilde thought it was a diamond necklace, but it wasn’t a real one after all.玛蒂尔德原以为那是一条钻石项链，但那原来不是真的钻石项链。
5. come up with（针对问题等）想出；提供
No one has come up with a convincing explanation of why dinosaurs died out.尚未有人能对恐龙的灭绝做出一个令人信服的解释。
6. go against 违背；不利于
Don’t do anything that should go against his will.不要做违背他心意的事。
If you go against nature, it will punish you.如果你违背了大自然，它就会惩罚你。
7. add … to … 把某物加入某物
If you add 4 to 3 you will get 7.四加三得七。
What value can you add to our organization? 您能为我们的组织增添什么价值？
【知识拓展】 add to sth.增加 add up to总计，共计
8. test on 在……上做试验；测验
Many people are against new drugs being tested on animals. 很多人反对用动物来做新药试验。
The chairperson of the Wild Animals Club is giving a test on wild animals.野生动物俱乐部的主席正在就野生动物进行一次测试。
三、重点句型
1. can表推测的用法
【课文原句】 In fact you do, but you may not remember me. It can’t be true, Pierre!
【经典考例】
—Isn’t that Ann’s husband over there?
— No, it _______be him. I’m sure he doesn’t wear glasses.（NMET 2004 I）
A. can’t B. must not
C. won’t D. may not
【考点解析】答案为A。can’t表示不可能；mustn’t表示禁止，won’t 表示不愿意；may not表示可能不。根据语境中及I’m sure表示答话的人肯定不是Ann的丈夫。can表推测多用于否定句，疑问句中。
2. 一般过去时
【课文原句】Mathilde! Oh yes. Sorry, I didn’t recognize you.
【经典考例】
— Ouch! You hurt me!
—I am sorry. But I _______any harm.
I ______ to drive a rat out.（江西）
A. didn’t mean; tried
B. don’t mean; am trying
C. haven’t meant; tried
D. didn’t mean; was trying
【考点解析】此题意为“我没想伤害你， 我只是一直尽力想把老鼠赶出去”。第一空表示“原无意（伤害）”用didn’t mean。第二空表示“当时在做”故用was doing。答案为D。注意在过去时的使用中，有时没有明显的过去时间状语，而是通过上下文来体现。
3. 分隔式定语从句
【课文原句】Do you remember one afternoon ten years ago when I came to your house and borrowed a necklace of yours?
【经典考例】 The film brought the hours back to me _______I was taken good care of in that far-away village. （NMET 2001）
A. until B. that C. whenD. where
【考点解析】通常定语从句与其先行词是紧密连接在一起的，但是有时先行词与从句之间被其它成分隔开。解此类题的关键是找准先行词。答案为C。从句与先行词hours被back to me隔开，关系副词when指代先行词the hours并在从句中作状语。
4. 强调谓语
【课文原句】 Pierre and I did have a very good time at the ball.
【经典考例】 An awful accident_______, however, occur the other day. （上海 2000）
A. does B. did C. has toD. had to
【考点解析】 do是助动词, 用在肯定句中, 起强调谓语作用, 带有感情色彩, 意为 “真的, 的确”。答案为B。句意为“几天前的确发生了一起严重的事故。”由the other day 可知应用过去时。
5. 祈使句 ＋ and ＋ 陈述句
【课文原句】 Tie the corners of the handkerchief to the points of the cross, and you will have a nice strong kite.
【经典考例】 _______and I’ll get the work finished. （NMET 2006 重庆）
A. Have one more hour
B. One more hour
C. Given one more hour
D. If I have one more hour
【考点解析】在“祈使句 ＋ and ＋ 陈述句”结构中，前面的祈使句相当于一个条件状语从句，而陈述句表示结果，其中and起连接作用表顺承。答案为B。one more hour相当于一个条件从句If you give me one more hour。由于句中有并列连词and，故C，D项不正确，A项结构正确，但句意不符。
6. 动词-ing的完成式
【课文原句】Having realized that I could use a kite to attract lightning, I decided to do an experiment.
【经典考例】 1. The storm left, _______ a lot of damage to this area. （NMET 2005全国）
A. caused B. to have caused
C. to cause D. having caused
2. _______ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home. （NMET2004北京）
A. To wait B. Have waited
C. Having waited D. To have waited
【考点解析】例1答案为D，例2答案为C。动词-ing的完成式having done表示该动作在谓语动作发生之前已经完成，两个动作之间有明显的时间间隔，使用现在分词的完成式时通常是为了强调两个动作的发生有明显的先后顺序和时间间隔。