抗战爆发后,各种抗敌救国团体和慈善公益组织应运而生,它们在慰劳将士、救护伤兵、抢救难民以及难童等方面发挥了重要作用。从人员构成来看,组织领导人呈现出新的特点,即女性成为一支独立的力量、高学历和带有明显的官方背景。这些特点有利于整合优化资源,提高组织的运行效果。然而,领导人大多是兼任,工作容易流于表面;同时,中级干部和专职工作人员严重缺乏。这些问题又在很大程度上影响了组织活动的顺利开展及成效。 After the outbreak of the war of resistance against Japan, various anti-Japanese salvation groups and philanthropic organizations came into being. They played an important role in rewarding and handing over soldiers, rescuing wounded soldiers, rescuing refugees and refugee children. From the point of view of personnel composition, the leaders of the organizations present a new characteristic that women become independent forces, highly educated and have an obvious official background. These features are conducive to the integration and optimization of resources, improve the operation of the organization. However, most leaders are concurrently employed and work is easy to surface. At the same time, there is a serious shortage of mid-level cadres and full-time staff. These problems have greatly affected the smooth implementation of organizational activities and results.