食管结核是一种少见疾病，国内至今不足25例报道。因本病在临床和X线表现均无特殊性，在诊断时容易误诊为食管肿瘤。本文报告1例并结合文献进行复习。1病例报告患者，男性，55岁，吞咽困难10余年，加重近2月。胸透肺内有结核病灶，食管钡餐检查：食管中下段呈鸟咀样狭窄，以上 Esophageal tuberculosis is a rare disease, so far less than 25 cases reported. Due to the disease in the clinical and X-ray showed no particularity, easily misdiagnosed as esophageal cancer diagnosis. This article reports 1 case and reviews the literature. A case report of patients, men, 55 years old, dysphagia more than 10 years, exacerbating the recent February. Chest through the lungs with tuberculosis, esophageal barium meal examination: the lower esophagus was bird-like stenosis, above