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目的了解安徽省27个血吸虫病疫情控制县(市、区)疫情现状。方法按照《血吸虫病防治地区达标考核评估方案》确定的抽样调查方法,在安徽省27个血吸虫病疫情控制县(市、区)各抽取3个疫情相对较重的乡(镇),每个乡(镇)抽取1个疫情相对较重的流行村作为调查现场。调查常住人口和散养家畜病情,以及近3年查出钉螺且人畜活动频繁环境的钉螺感染情况。同时,查阅各县(市、区)近年来感染性钉螺调查结果和当地感染急性血吸虫病疫情资料。结果现场共抽查81个乡(镇)81个村。累计血清学检查34 293人,阳性1 086人,平均阳性率为3.17%(0.65%~9.58%);累计粪检1 068人,平均阳性率为0.37%(0~4.0%),推算人群平均感染率为0.01%。累计调查家畜3 057头(只),其中牛438头,羊2 550只,其他家畜69只,均未查到阳性。累计调查钉螺60 944框,捕获活螺11 261只,解剖全部活螺均未发现感染性钉螺。27个县(市、区)均在调查前2年以上未查出感染性钉螺,平均未查出感染性钉螺年限为2.9年(2~6年);均已2年以上未发生急性血吸虫病,平均未发生急性血吸虫病年限为4.9年(2~9年)。结论安徽省血吸虫病疫情控制地区人畜病情较低,已查不出感染性钉螺。
Objective To understand the epidemic situation of 27 schistosomiasis counties (cities and districts) in Anhui Province. Methods According to the sample survey method determined by the “assessment and evaluation of standard assessment of schistosomiasis prevention and control area”, three townships (towns) with relatively severe outbreaks were selected from 27 schistosomiasis control counties (cities and districts) in Anhui Province. Each township (Town) to extract a relatively heavy prevalence of epidemic village as the investigation site. Surveys of resident population and free-range domestic animal disease, as well as snail snails found in snails and frequent human and animal activities in recent 3 years. At the same time, check counties (cities, districts) in recent years, the results of the investigation of infectious snails and the local infection of acute schistosomiasis epidemic data. Results A total of 81 villages (towns) 81 villages were spot-checked. A total of 34 293 serological tests were positive, with a positive rate of 3.17% (0.65% ~ 9.58%). A total of 1 068 people were screened, with an average positive rate of 0.37% (0-4.0%). The average population projection The infection rate was 0.01%. A total of 3 057 livestock (including only 438 cattle, 2 550 sheep, and 69 other livestock) were investigated. No positive results were found. A total of 60 944 snails were surveyed and 11 261 live snails were captured. No infectious snails were found in all live snails. In 27 counties (cities and districts), no infectious snails were found in more than 2 years before the survey, and the average duration of infective snails was 2.9 years (range 2 to 6 years); no acute schistosomiasis occurred for more than 2 years , The average duration of acute schistosomiasis was 4.9 years (2 to 9 years). Conclusions The human and livestock conditions in schistosomiasis control areas in Anhui Province are relatively low. Infectious snails have not been detected.