徐光启(公元1562年～1633年)是我国明代著名科学家,字子先,上海县徐家汇(今属上海市)人,1604年中进士,1632年升任礼部尚书兼东阁大学士,1633年兼任文渊阁大学士。他一生致力于科学研究且研究的范围很广泛,其中以农业、天文最为突出。他较早地从罗马传教士利·玛窦等人那里学习西方科学知识,包括天文、历法、数学、测量和水利等,并且把这些知识传到中国。这对当时中国社会生产的发展很有帮助。他编著了农业科学巨著《农政全书》,主持编订了《崇祯历书》,他的译著也很多,其中以《几何原本》为最著名。徐光启出生在一个农民家庭里,青少年时期家境贫寒,曾“栽 Xu Guangqi (1562-1633) was a famous scientist of Ming Dynasty in China. Xu Zihui (now a Shanghai city) in Shanghai County was admitted to China in 1604 and was promoted to a litteraterator and a bachelor’s degree in East China University in 1632. In 1633, Yuan Ge University. His life devoted to scientific research and research a wide range, of which agriculture, astronomy the most prominent. Earlier he learned Western scientific knowledge, including astronomy, calendars, mathematics, measurement and water conservancy, from Roman missionary Ricci and others, and spread the knowledge to China. This was very helpful for the development of social production in China at the time. He edited the agricultural science masterpiece “The Complete Works of Agriculture,” presided over the preparation of the “Chongzhen calendar”, and his translations are also many, of which “geometric original” is the most famous. Xu Guangqi was born in a peasant family, adolescent family was poor, had "planted