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肿瘤发生的分子基础是原癌基因的活化或(和)抑癌基因的失活,导致某些细胞分化不良和增殖失控而形成肿瘤。因此,对癌基因和抑癌基因的研究已成为肿瘤研究的中心课题,而且进展十分迅速,现已发现癌基因100多种,抑癌基因10多种。抑癌基因中又以新发现的多种肿瘤抑制基因(Multiple Tumor Suppressor 1,MTS1)更引人注目。 1 p16基因的发现 p16基因又称MTS1基因或CDK4I(cyclin depedent kinase 4 inhibitor)基因或CDKN2基因。1992年Skolnick提出
The molecular basis of tumorigenesis is the activation of proto-oncogenes and/or inactivation of tumor suppressor genes, leading to poor cell differentiation and uncontrolled proliferation and the formation of tumors. Therefore, research on oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes has become a central issue in cancer research, and progress has been rapid. It has now been found that there are more than 100 cancer genes and 10 tumor suppressor genes. Among the tumor suppressor genes, the newly discovered Multiple Tumor Suppressor 1 (MTS1) is even more noticeable. 1 The discovery of p16 gene p16 gene is also called MTS1 gene or CDK4I (cyclin depedent kinase 4 inhibitor) gene or CDKN2 gene. Skolnick, 1992