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现在我们来分析全球性技术持续变化的三个条件中最困难的一个。国家分工实际上把穷国排除于新工业技术的创造之外。据粗略计算,十多年前,发展中国家在研究和发展的国际开支中约占2%。现在,这个百分比可能略高一点,但也高不了多少。而且,尽管他们的科学和技术资源可能增加了些,但这对他们的社会福利是否作出了显著的贡献还是个没有解决
Let us now analyze the most difficult of the three conditions for the continued change in global technology. The division of labor in effect excludes poor countries from the creation of new industrial technologies. According to rough calculations, more than 10 years ago, developing countries accounted for about 2% of the international expenditure on research and development. Now, this percentage may be slightly higher, but not much higher. And, although their scientific and technical resources may have increased somewhat, it remains to be seen whether this will make a significant contribution to their social well-being