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关于精神分裂症的发病机制,目前最广为接受的假说是多巴胺(DA)功能亢进学说。至今 DA 受体已被分离为 D_1和 D_2两种,D_2与精神病阳性症状有关,也有动物实验证明与D_2有关的行为可能受 D_1活性的调节。绝大多数精神分裂症患者 D_2受体的水平很高,而当85%以上的受体被阻断后精神症状便会有不同程度的缓解。根据这种假说,目前所用抗精神病药物绝大多数是 D_2受体神经阻滞剂。神经阻滞剂的选择须参考其药物结构、副作用以及病人既往治疗的效果,甚至家族用药有效史。各种神经阻滞剂大多对精神病
The most widely accepted hypothesis for the pathogenesis of schizophrenia is the theory of dopamine (DA) hyperactivity. Up to now, DA receptors have been separated into two types, D_1 and D_2. D_2 is related to the positive symptoms of psychosis. Some animal experiments show that D_2 -related activities may be regulated by D_1 activity. The majority of schizophrenia patients with high levels of D 2 receptors, and when more than 85% of the receptors are blocked mental symptoms will have varying degrees of relief. According to this hypothesis, the vast majority of currently used antipsychotics are D 2 receptor blockers. Nerve blockers should be selected based on their drug structure, side effects, as well as the effectiveness of the patient’s previous treatment, and even family medicine effective history. Most of the nerve blockers on mental illness