阿司匹林为三大经典用药之一,其主要药理作用为解热镇痛,在临床上也常用于心血管疾病方面。而近些年来,有越来越多的证据表明阿司匹林可预防结直肠癌,并且美国预防服务指南已经将阿司匹林作为预防结直肠癌预防药物,因此,阿司匹林在预防结直肠癌中的疗效得到肯定,但是其治疗剂量、治疗时间以及其作用机制均还有待进一步的研究。本文对阿司匹林的治疗疗程和作用机制进行综述,以便为其在临床上的应用提供一定的依据。 Aspirin is one of the three classic drugs, its main pharmacological effects of antipyretic and analgesic, is also clinically used in cardiovascular disease. In recent years, there is more and more evidence that aspirin can prevent colorectal cancer, and the United States guidelines for prevention services have aspirin as a preventive drug against colorectal cancer, therefore, aspirin in the prevention of colorectal cancer was affirmed, However, its therapeutic dose, treatment time and its mechanism of action need further study. This article reviews the treatment of aspirin and the mechanism of action in order to provide some basis for its clinical application.