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目的对漳州市2011~2015年的流感病原学进行监测分析,了解本地区流感流行特点及规律,为防控提供科学依据。方法采集漳州市哨点医院及暴发疫情的流感样病例(ILI)标本进行核酸检测,阳性标本进行MDCK细胞和(或)鸡胚分离,用血凝抑制实验进行毒株的型别及亚型鉴定。结果 2011~2015年9月采集ILI标本7 122份,分离毒株578株,阳性率为8.12%。2011~2015年病毒分离阳性率分别为10.19%(70/687)、22.40%(181/808)、4.05%(71/1 755)、8.40%(191/2 274)、4.07%(65/1 598)(P<0.01)。暴发疫情分离阳性率为22.52%(34/151),常规监测分离阳性率7.35%(511/6952),(P<0.01)。2011年以乙型流行为主,阳性构成比为74.53%(79/106);2012年以季节性H3N2流行为主,阳性构成比为75.33%(171/227);2013年以甲型H1N1流行为主,阳性构成比为82.96%(185/223),2014年季节性H3N2 39.37%(187/475);2015年季节性H3N2占60.06%(191/318)。以5~岁的阳性构成最高,为48.96%(283/578)。0~岁的阳性构成次之,为36.16%(209/578)。结论 2011~2015年漳州市流感流行优势株交替流行,流行季节是冬春季。
Objective To monitor and analyze the influenza etiology in Zhangzhou City from 2011 to 2015, understand the characteristics and laws of influenza in this area and provide a scientific basis for prevention and control. Methods The influenza-like illness (ILI) specimens of sentinel hospital and outbreak in Zhangzhou City were collected for nucleic acid detection. Positive samples were isolated from MDCK cells and / or chicken embryos and identified by type and subtype of hemagglutination inhibition test . Results From July 2011 to September 2015, 7 122 ILI specimens were collected and 578 strains were isolated, the positive rate was 8.12%. The positive rates of virus isolation from 2011 to 2015 were 10.19% (70/687), 22.40% (181/808), 4.05% (71/1 755), 8.40% (191/2 274), 4.07% (65/1 598) (P <0.01). The positive rate of outbreak was 22.52% (34/151). The positive rate of routine outbreak was 7.35% (511/6952) (P <0.01). In 2011, the prevalence of influenza B was 74.53% (79/106). In 2012, the prevalence of seasonal influenza H3N2 was 75.33% (171/227). In 2013, the positive proportion of influenza A , With a positive proportion of 82.96% (185/223). In 2014, seasonal H3N2 was 39.37% (187/475). In 2015, seasonal H3N2 accounted for 60.06% (191/318). The highest positive age of 5 to 48.96% (283/578). The positive results of 0 ~ year old were 36.16% (209/578). Conclusion From 2011 to 2015, the predominant strains of influenza in Zhangzhou were alternately epidemic. The epidemic season was winter and spring.