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前言近年来,能源、原材料价格上涨,给上海的经济带来了很大的压力。有识之士一致认为,上海经济发展的出路在于:加速行业结构与产品结构的调整,不断提高技术密集型产品所占的比重,逐步实现从主要依靠物质资源到主要依靠科技进步的转移。然而实现上述目标的难度是很大的。作为工业基础的工艺装备,上海在全国所具有的优势已经消失,甚至已落后于兄弟省市。以上海机电局系统为例,相当多企业的工艺装备数十年一贯制,许多设备的役龄已超过十五年,成了老牛破车。上海机电局系统各企业设备新度的平均值比国家机电部系统的平均值低9％,局内有些重点骨干企业的设备新度值甚至比国家机电部系统的平均值低40％。因此,产品结构急需
Preface In recent years, the rising prices of energy and raw materials have brought great pressure on the economy of Shanghai. People of insight unanimously believe that the way out of Shanghai’s economic development lies in: accelerating the adjustment of industrial structure and product structure, continuously increasing the proportion of technology-intensive products, and gradually realizing the shift from relying mainly on material resources to relying mainly on scientific and technological progress. However, it is very difficult to achieve the above goals. As an industry-based technological equipment, the advantages Shanghai has in the country have disappeared, and it has even lagged behind its sister provinces and cities. Taking the Shanghai Electrical and Mechanical Services Bureau as an example, quite a few companies have consistently manufactured their craft equipment for decades. Many of the equipment have been in service for more than 15 years and have become old cows. The average value of the new equipment of each enterprise in the Shanghai Mechanical and Electrical Bureau system is 9% lower than the average of the National Electromechanical Department. The new value of the equipment of some key enterprises in the bureau is even lower than the average value of the National Electromechanical Department system by 40%. Therefore, the product structure is in urgent need of