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由生物质制备5-羟甲基糠醛(5-HMF)是生物质资源综合利用的研究热点之一。本文综述了近年来碳水化合物降解为5-HMF的研究成果,重点探讨了碳水化合物的降解机理和产物分布、催化剂体系、溶剂体系及产物5-HMF的分离方法等,并对今后的研究方向进行了展望。目前,碳水化合物降解最有优势的催化体系是Cr/氯化咪唑基离子液体等,然而产物5-HMF的分离值得关注,尤其是从离子液体催化体系中分离出5-HMF可使离子液体得以重复使用。
Preparation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) from biomass is one of the hot topics in the comprehensive utilization of biomass resources. In this paper, the research results of degradation of carbohydrates to 5-HMF in recent years are reviewed. The mechanism of degradation of carbohydrates, the distribution of products, the separation of catalyst system, solvent system and 5-HMF from carbohydrates are also discussed. Looking forward. At present, the most predominant catalytic system for carbohydrate degradation is Cr / imidazolium chloride ionic liquid. However, the separation of 5-HMF product deserves attention. Especially, the separation of 5-HMF from the ionic liquid catalytic system can make ionic liquid reuse.