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目的 了解北京儿童哮喘的患病率、发病规律及影响因素 ,并进行 10年前后的对比研究。方法 采取整群抽样调查方法 ,按照 10年前的调查范围 ,在北京市朝阳区及西城区 2～ 4个街区内 ,向家长发放初筛问卷 ,筛选出相关疾病的可疑患者 ,再经哮喘中心医师统一问诊查体 ,填写调查表。所有数据经sas/pc统计软件分析。结果 实际调查人数 10 16 3人 ,2年内有喘息发作的哮喘现患率为 2 .0 5 % ,男女患病率分别为 2 .80 %及 1.2 4 % ,既往有哮喘的累计患病率为 2 .6 9%。性别、首次发作年龄、呼吸道感染、过敏及遗传因素与哮喘发作有关。早期正确诊断及应用吸入治疗的比率仍较低。对比 1990年哮喘现患率的 0 .78% ,2 0 0 0年哮喘现患率是 10年前的 2 .6倍。结论 本次调查 0～ 14岁儿童哮喘的患病率较 10年前显著升高 ,且主要发生于学龄期。哮喘发作受诸多因素的影响 ,目前按GINA方案在哮喘的规范化治疗上仍有明显差距。
Objective To understand the prevalence, incidence and influencing factors of childhood asthma in Beijing and to compare it with that of 10 years ago. Methods According to the method of cluster sampling survey, in accordance with the survey range 10 years ago, primary screening questionnaires were distributed to parents in 2 to 4 blocks in Beijing’s Chaoyang District and Xicheng District, screened out suspicious patients with related diseases, and then the asthma center Physician uniform examination examination body, fill in the questionnaire. All data by sas / pc statistical software analysis. Results The actual number of people surveyed was 10 16 3, the prevalence of asthma with wheezing episodes within 2 years was 2.05%, the prevalence rates of male and female were 2.80% and 1.2 4% respectively, and the cumulative prevalence of past asthma was 2 .6 9%. Gender, first attack age, respiratory infections, allergies and genetic factors associated with asthma attacks. Early correct diagnosis and application of inhalation therapy is still low. Compared with 0.78% of the prevalence of asthma in 1990, the prevalence of asthma in 2000 is 2.6 times that of 10 years ago. Conclusion The prevalence of asthma in children aged 0-14 years was significantly higher than that of 10 years ago, and mainly occurred in school age. Asthma attack by many factors, the current program by GINA in the standardized treatment of asthma is still a clear gap.