“性相近,习相远”是孔子人性思想的主要内容,孟子的“性善论”是其人性思想的核心。本文重点论述比较了孔孟人性思想的差异性与共通性,以期更好地理解和把握先秦儒家思想的内涵与精髓。 “Similarity, Xi Xiang Yuan ” is the main content of Confucian human nature thought, Mencius’s “theory of goodness” is the core of human nature thought. This article focuses on the differences and commonalities of Confucius and Mencius’ humanistic thoughts in order to better understand and grasp the connotation and essence of pre-Qin Confucianism.