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目的探讨阿片类药物在治疗老年恶性肿瘤患者中重度疼痛中的毒副反应。方法 78例老年恶性肿瘤患者均伴有中重度疼痛,采取阿片类药物进行控制,并采用NRS法进行疼痛程度及缓解情况的评估,同时观察药物毒副反应。结果 78例患者疼痛NRS评分中位数为3,其中72例(92.3%)患者达到有效缓解。46例(59.0%)患者出现了毒副反应,最常见的毒副反应消化道症状(便秘和恶心呕吐)。结论阿片类药物能有效缓解老年恶性肿瘤患者中重度疼痛,其应用过程中主要应该注意消化道症状控制。
Objective To investigate the toxicity of opioids in the treatment of severe pain in elderly patients with malignant tumors. Methods 78 cases of elderly patients with malignant tumors were accompanied by moderate and severe pain, opioid control, and the use of NRS method to assess the degree of pain and remission, and observed drug toxicity. Results The median pain NRS score was 78 in 78 patients, of whom 72 (92.3%) achieved effective remission. Forty-six patients (59.0%) experienced toxic side effects, the most common gastrointestinal symptoms (constipation and nausea and vomiting). Conclusions Opiates can effectively relieve the severe pain in elderly patients with malignant tumors. During the application, opioids should be mainly concerned with the control of gastrointestinal symptoms.