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耕作活动和植被建设是人类活动的重要组成部分,以裸地、农地、草地和灌木林地(刚栽植)为研究对象,以人工降雨试验为研究手段,研究不同立地条件下的水土流失差异,并对坡面侵蚀形态进行分析。研究表明:草地的减水减沙作用最明显,坡面产生跌坎和细沟的时间最晚,与裸地相比,减少产沙量97.24%～99.63%、减少径流量62.04%～80.46%,受栽植活动扰动影响,刚栽植的灌木林地没有水土保持作用,且坡面上栽植密度越大水土流失越严重,坡面侵蚀沟贯通且呈宽深的“V”型;农地的水土流失与裸地相比与降雨强度有关,小雨强条件下农地产沙量和径流量均小于裸地,大雨强条件下产沙量和径流量大于裸地;因此科学栽植并做好耕作或植被建设活动期间的水土流失预防工作十分必要。
Tillage activities and vegetation construction are important components of human activities. Taking the bare land, agricultural land, grassland and shrub land (just planting) as the research object, the artificial rainfall test is taken as the research method to study the differences of soil and water loss under different site conditions, The slope erosion patterns were analyzed. The results showed that grassland had the most obvious effect of reducing water and reducing sediment, and the time for producing slope and rill was the latest. Compared with bare land, the reduction of sediment yield was 97.24% ~ 99.63% and the runoff was reduced by 62.04% ~ 80.46% , Affected by disturbances of planting activities. The freshly planted shrubbery land has no soil and water conservation effect. The more serious planting density is, the more severe the soil erosion is. The erosion gully has a wide and deep “V” shape. The farmland Compared with bare land, soil and water loss is related to rainfall intensity. Under the conditions of light rainfall and strong rainfall, the sediment yield and runoff of agricultural land are less than that of bare land. The sediment yield and runoff under heavy rainfall are larger than bare land. Therefore, Prevention of soil and water loss during vegetation construction activities is very necessary.