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目的:探讨非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)癌组织表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)基因突变及实时定量荧光PCR检测EGFR的诊断价值。方法:采取FQPCR检测89例NSCLC患者的石蜡包埋的病理切片中EGFR基因第(18~21)号外显子突变情况,并进行分析。结果:89例肺癌组织中,共检测到33例标本有EGFR基因突变,突变率为37.1%,分析发现,EGFR突变主要发生在19号外显子和21号外显子,其中22例突变发生在19号外显子,突变类型以del E746-A750为主的缺失突变,11例为第21号外显子,突变类型为L858R为主,并且女性、吸烟和肺腺癌EGFR基因突变率显著高于男性、非吸烟和非腺癌患者(P<0.05)。结论:NSCLC存在EGFR基因的突变和缺失,实时荧光定量PCR可有效检测出EGFR的基因突变,具有特异、简便快捷等优点。
Objective: To investigate the mutation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the diagnostic value of real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR in detecting EGFR. Methods: The mutations of exon 18 to 21 of EGFR gene in 89 paraffin-embedded pathological sections of NSCLC patients were detected by FQPCR and analyzed. Results: Totally 33 cases of EGFR gene mutation were detected in 89 cases of lung cancer, the mutation rate was 37.1%. The results showed that EGFR mutation mainly occurred in exon 19 and exon 21, of which 22 cases occurred in 19 The exon and mutation types are del E746-A750-based deletion mutation, 11 cases are exon 21 and the mutation type is L858R, and the mutation rate of EGFR gene in female, smoking and lung adenocarcinoma is significantly higher than that in male, Non-smoking and non-adenocarcinoma patients (P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The mutations and deletions of EGFR gene exist in NSCLC. The real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR can detect the gene mutation of EGFR effectively and has the advantages of specificity, simplicity and quickness.