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[目的]了解建筑工地农民工营养健康素养水平,为相关部门制定农民工营养政策提供基础数据。[方法]整群抽取沈阳某建筑工地农民工380名(全部为男性),采用问询式与自填式结合方法,对农民工进行问卷调查,通过t检验、方差分析和χ2检验获取农民工营养健康素养知识和膳食行为情况。[结果]农民工营养健康素养知识平均得分为(9.1±2.8)分,平均知晓率为37.9%;其中低分组、高分组得分分别为(8.1±2.1)分和(13.0±1.1)分(P<0.05),相应的知晓率分别为33.8%和54.2%;文化程度是影响农民工知识得分高低的主要因素(P<0.05);农民工较少(偶尔或从不)摄取牛奶、鸡蛋、水果、动物肝、豆制品、肉类,其比例分别为90.0%、66.5%、60.5%、92.9%、57.6%和45.6%,低分组农民工偶尔或从不摄入以上食品的比例分别为91.8%、70.4%、65.1%、95.0%、58.9%和48.7%,明显分别高于高分组的比例82.9%、51.3%、42.1%、84.3%、52.6%和32.9%(P<0.05)。[结论]农民工营养健康素养知识认知度低,膳食行为不合理,营养教育普及工作亟待加强。
[Objective] To understand the nutrition and literacy level of migrant workers in construction sites and provide basic data for the relevant departments to formulate the nutritional policies for migrant workers. [Method] cluster sample of a construction site in Shenyang migrant workers 380 (all male), the use of inquiry-type method combined with a self-administered, questionnaire for migrant workers, by t-test, analysis of variance and χ2 test to obtain migrant workers Nutrition and health literacy knowledge and dietary behavior. [Results] The average score of nutrition health literacy of migrant workers was (9.1 ± 2.8) points, the average awareness rate was 37.9%. The scores of low and high scores were (8.1 ± 2.1) and (13.0 ± 1.1), respectively <0.05), corresponding awareness rate was 33.8% and 54.2%, respectively; education is a major factor (P <0.05) influence the level of migrant workers knowledge score; less (occasionally or never) migrant workers intake of milk, eggs, fruit , Animal liver, soy products and meat, the proportions were 90.0%, 66.5%, 60.5%, 92.9%, 57.6% and 45.6% respectively. The proportion of low-income migrant workers who occasionally or never consumed the above food was 91.8% , 70.4%, 65.1%, 95.0%, 58.9% and 48.7% respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the high-grade group (82.9%, 51.3%, 42.1%, 84.3%, 52.6% and 32.9%, respectively; [Conclusion] The awareness of nutrition and health literacy of migrant workers is low, the dietary behavior is unreasonable and the popularization of nutrition education urgently needs to be strengthened.