儿童青少年2型糖尿病发病率日益增高,了解该病的流行现状、危险因素及病理生理学机制十分重要。该病的流行存在明显种族差异性,其危险因素包括肥胖、2型糖尿病家族史、母亲妊娠期高血糖、胎儿宫内发育迟缓及出生体质量异常等,主要通过胰岛素抵抗和胰岛素分泌缺陷这两大病理生理学机制影响血糖。 The prevalence of Type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents is on the rise. It is important to understand the prevalence, risk factors and pathophysiology of the disease. There are obvious racial differences in the prevalence of the disease, the risk factors include obesity, family history of type 2 diabetes, maternal gestational hyperglycemia, intrauterine growth retardation and birth weight abnormalities, mainly through insulin resistance and insulin secretion defects Large pathophysiological mechanisms affect blood glucose.