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为提高甲醇泄漏应急处置技术水平,开展新型复合干粉处置剂的制备及有效性研究。在小尺度装置上进行甲醇泄漏模拟洗消试验,着重研究复合粉体的组成对洗消率的影响。结果表明:在处置剂和泄漏甲醇的质量比为3:1的条件下,各组分质量配比为金属盐60%、胶凝剂15%、吸附剂20%、防潮和促流动剂5%时,复合干粉对甲醇气体的洗消率可达85%以上,且洗消率在30 min内未见明显下降,显著高于同等条件下细水雾和活性炭等常用处置剂的洗消效率。此外,复合干粉可使未挥发的液态甲醇迅速固化,并转化为金属醇盐,克服了施加细水雾和活性炭等处置剂后甲醇液体仍然流动挥发,导致二次危害的缺点。
In order to improve the technical level of emergency treatment of methanol leakage, the preparation and effectiveness of new composite dry powder treatment agents were studied. Methanol leakage simulating decontamination test was carried out on a small-scale device, focusing on the influence of the composition of the composite powder on the decontamination rate. The results show that the mass ratio of each component is 60% of the metal salt, 15% of the gelling agent, 20% of the adsorbent, 5% of the moisture-proof and flow-promoting agent under the condition of the mass ratio of the disposing agent to the leaking methanol is 3: , The dry-cleaning rate of the composite dry powder to methanol gas can reach more than 85%, and the washing rate does not decrease obviously in 30 minutes, which is significantly higher than the same efficiency of the common treatment agent such as water mist and activated carbon. In addition, the compound dry powder can quickly solidify non-volatile liquid methanol and convert it into metal alkoxide to overcome the disadvantage that the methanol liquid still flows and volatilizes after the application of water mist and activated carbon and other disposal agents, resulting in the secondary harm.