论文部分内容阅读
现代社会通过主要的社会机构来控制新的科学知识 ,本文是对这种控制的原因及其方式进行研究的一部分。知识社会学总是关注知识的社会作用 (基于知识的权力 )、它的转型和它的从业者 (专家、知识分子、知识精英 )。但传统的知识社会学首先关注知识的生产而非知识的消费。正在出现的知识社会学的研究焦点可被称为“知识政治学”。首先 ,我把知识政治学描述和界定为政治行为的一个新领域。当新的行动能力 (按即知识 )被利用时 ,知识政治学并不一定就是事先限制性的 ;但我的关注点集中在预测新知识对社会关系的影响 ,并试图控制它的作用。第二 ,我将勾勒出一些主要的原因 ,以说明在现代社会知识政治作为政治行动的一个领域何以取得显著地位。我将特别强调 ,科学与社会之间的关系正在发生变化。在本文的第三部分 ,我将谈到知识政策与科学政策的不同。在结语部分简短讨论知识政治学的发展前景之前 ,我将略述一些相关的情节 ,以说明行动中的知识政治。
Modern society controls new scientific knowledge through major social institutions. This article is part of a study of the causes and ways of such control. Sociology of Knowledge is always concerned with the social role of knowledge (power based on knowledge), its transformation and its practitioners (experts, intellectuals, intellectual elites). However, traditional knowledge sociology first focuses on the production of knowledge rather than the consumption of knowledge. The emerging focus of sociology of knowledge may be called “knowledge politics.” First, I describe and define knowledge politics as a new area of political behavior. Knowledge politics does not have to be prior restrictive when new mobility is used (push-to-know); but my focus is on predicting the impact of new knowledge on social relations and trying to control its role. Second, I will sketch out some of the main reasons why the political knowledge profession in modern society has achieved prominence as an area of political action. I will emphasize in particular that the relationship between science and society is changing. In the third part of this article, I will talk about the difference between knowledge policy and science policy. Before briefly discussing the development prospects of knowledge politics in the concluding section, I will outline some of the relevant scenarios to illustrate the politics of knowledge in action.