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目的:研究静态与动态加载下仿生型种植体骨界面应力分布状况和疲劳行为,为研发能有效地转移应力至周围骨组织的新型种植体提供理论依据。方法:采用CAD(Pro/E Widefire 2.0)软件建立颌骨和钛种植体的三维有限元模型,设置全致密型(1号)和仿生型(2号)两种结构钛种植体,采用Ansys Workbench 10.0软件分析静态与动态加载下种植体骨界面应力分布状况,并对2号种植体进行疲劳行为分析。结果:在相同载荷下,1号和2号种植体在皮质骨区均为高应力区,2号种植体界面最大应力值、高应力区域面积、根端区最大应力值均低于1号种植体,从上至下种植体骨界面应力呈均匀递减趋势。动态加载的界面应力比静态的界面应力高17.15%。两种加载方式下,两种种植体在皮质骨区界面最大应力值无差别;在松质骨区,1号的界面最大应力值比2号高75.97%;在根端区,1号的界面最大应力值比2号高22.46%,种植体界面最大应力远小于纯钛的屈服强度。2号种植体颈部皮质骨边缘的最大应力值比1号高7.85%,皮质骨边缘的最大应力值未达到皮质骨的屈服强度。预载50～300N动态载荷,致密芯的安全系数均在10以上,随载荷加大,多孔层的界面应力呈线性增加,动态加载轴向300 N和颊舌向45°25 N时,多孔层界面最大应力为11.38 MPa。结论:仿生型种植体有利于松质骨区及根端区界面应力转移到周围骨组织,其几何结构设计能耐受正常咀嚼的疲劳载荷,是安全的设计。
OBJECTIVE: To study the stress distribution and fatigue behavior of bionic implants at static and dynamic loading, and to provide a theoretical basis for the development of new implants that can effectively transfer stress to the surrounding bone tissue. Methods: The three-dimensional finite element model of jaw and titanium implant was established by using CAD (Pro / E Widefire 2.0) software. Titanium implants with full compact (No. 1) and bionic (No. 2) 10.0 software to analyze the stress distribution of implant-bone interface under static and dynamic loading, and analyze the fatigue behavior of implant # 2. Results: Under the same load, the implants 1 and 2 were all in the high stress area in the cortical bone region. The maximum stress value, the area of the high stress area and the maximum stress in the root end area of No.2 implant were lower than that of the No.1 implant Body, from top to bottom implants bone interface stress was uniform decreasing trend. Dynamically loaded interface stresses are 17.15% higher than static interface stresses. Under the two loading methods, there was no difference in the maximum stress between the two implants at the cortical bone interface. In the cancellous bone region, the maximum stress at interface 1 was 75.97% The maximum stress value is 22.46% higher than that of No. 2. The maximum stress at the implant interface is much smaller than the yield strength of pure titanium. The maximal stress value of the cervical cortical bone edge of No. 2 implant was 7.85% higher than that of No. 1, and the maximum stress value of the cortical bone edge did not reach the cortical bone yield strength. The dynamic load of pre-loaded 50 ~ 300N, the safety factor of dense core are above 10, with the increase of load, the interfacial stress of porous layer increases linearly. When the dynamic axial load is 300 N and the buccolink is 45 ° 25 N, The maximum interface stress is 11.38 MPa. CONCLUSION: The bionic implants are conducive to the stress transfer to the surrounding bone tissue at cancellous and root-end interfaces. The geometrical design of the implants is able to withstand the fatigue loads of normal mastication and is a safe design.