RNA 分子内的切接现象(splicing)最早是在腺病毒 DNA 编码的 RNA 中发现的。现在知道,切接更主要的是真核基因转录产物的一种加工特性。多数真核基因的编码顺序(外显子(?)xon)都被一些插入顺序(内含子,intron)隔开,因此,刚转录下来的信息 RNA(前体 mRNA)必须在核内经过(?)接加工后,才能进入细胞质中作为蛋白质合成的模板。人类的珠蛋白基因(包括β珠蛋白基因家族的β、γ、ε、δ基因和α珠蛋白基因家族的α、ξ基因等)都有两个内含子和三个外显子,其前体 mRNA 长约1800nt(nucleotide(s)),成熟的珠蛋白 mRNA 长约650～700nt。最近几年来,由于限制性内切酶谱技术、分子杂交技术、重组 The first splicing of RNA molecules was found in the RNA encoded by adenovirus DNA. It is now known that the more important one is the processing characteristic of eukaryotic gene transcription products. The coding sequence of most eukaryotic genes (exons xon) are separated by some insertion sequence (intron), so the newly transcribed information RNA (precursor mRNA) must pass through ( ?) After processing, can enter the cytoplasm as a template for protein synthesis. The human globin genes (including the β, γ, ε, δ genes of the β-globin gene family and α, ξ genes of the α-globin gene family, etc.) have two introns and three exons, The length of the mRNA is about 1800 nt (nucleotide (s)) and the length of mature globin mRNA is about 650 to 700 nt. In recent years, due to restriction endonuclease technology, molecular hybridization technology, recombinant