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目的为了初步调查分析市售植物油中黄曲霉毒素B_1的污染状况。方法随机抽取市售花生油、玉米油、葵花籽油、菜籽油、大豆油、调和油共246份的植物油作为研究对象,采用高效液相色谱法进行黄曲霉毒素B_1测定。结果调查分析的6类植物油中,黄曲霉毒素B_1只在花生油和菜籽油中有检出,超标样品全部为花生油。花生油黄曲霉毒素B_1的平均含量为16.2μg/kg,最高浓度为288μg/kg,其检出率及超标率分别为88.1%和11.9%。散装花生油与定型包装花生油黄曲霉毒素B_1检出率差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.649,P>0.05);但超标率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=9.469,P<0.05)。结论市售植物油黄曲霉毒素B_1的总体污染水平不高,但花生油的检出率和超标率较高,散装花生油较易受到黄曲霉毒素B_1的污染,其超标率高于定型包装花生油。
Objective To investigate and analyze the contamination status of aflatoxin B 1 in vegetable oil. Methods A total of 246 vegetable oils of peanut oil, corn oil, sunflower oil, rapeseed oil, soybean oil and blend oil were randomly selected for the study. The aflatoxin B1 was determined by high performance liquid chromatography. Results Among the 6 types of vegetable oils analyzed, aflatoxin B_1 was detected only in peanut oil and rapeseed oil, and all the exceeded samples were peanut oil. The average content of aflatoxin B 1 in peanut oil was 16.2 μg / kg and the highest concentration was 288 μg / kg. The detection rates and the exceeding rates were respectively 88.1% and 11.9%. The detection rate of aflatoxin B 1 in peanut oil of fixed peanut oil and shaped peanut oil was not significantly different (χ ~ 2 = 0.649, P> 0.05). However, the difference between the standard peanut oil and final peanut oil was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 9.469, P <0.05). Conclusion The overall level of aflatoxin B 1 is not high, but the detection rate and excess rate of peanut oil are higher. The bulk peanut oil is more susceptible to aflatoxin B 1, and the exceeding standard rate is higher than that of peanut oil.