水锁导致渗透率下降是低渗透油气层损害的主要机理之一。对低渗透砂岩储集层的水锁效应进行了实验研究，定量评价了气测渗透率、孔隙度、初始水饱和度。驱替压差和油水界面张力等因素对水锁效应的影响。在对大量实验数据进行处理的基础上，建立了低渗透砂岩储集层水锁效应的灰色静态预测模型。研究结果表明，影响低渗透砂岩储集层水锁损害程度的主要因素有：油水界面张力、气测渗透率和储集层的水饱和度。油水界面张力越高，钻井液、完井液等外来流体侵入储集层后的水饱和度越高，储集层的渗透率越低，水锁损害程度就越严重。建立的水锁效应灰色预测模型可以对低渗透砂岩储集层的水锁损害程度进行初步的定量预测，其准确程度还与实验岩样及实验数据的代表性密切相关。图2表2参6（张振华摘） The decrease of permeability caused by water lock is one of the main mechanisms of damage in low permeability reservoirs. The water lock effect of low permeability sandstone reservoirs was experimentally studied, and gas permeability, porosity and initial water saturation were quantitatively evaluated. Displacement pressure and oil-water interfacial tension and other factors on the water lock effect. Based on a large amount of experimental data, a gray static prediction model of water lock effect of low permeability sandstone reservoirs was established. The results show that the main factors that affect the water lock damage of low permeability sandstone reservoirs are oil-water interfacial tension, gas permeability and reservoir water saturation. The higher the interfacial tension between oil and water, the higher the water saturation after the invasion of external fluid such as drilling fluid and completion fluid into the reservoir. The lower the permeability of reservoir is, the more severe water damage will be. The established gray prediction model of water lock effect can preliminarily quantitatively predict the degree of water lock damage in low permeability sandstone reservoirs, and the accuracy is also closely related to the representativeness of experimental rock samples and experimental data. Figure 2 Table 2 Reference 6 (Zhang Zhenhua Abstract)