系统性红斑狼疮（ SLE）是一种病因不明的自身免疫性疾病，表现多种多样，病程变化多端 ，预后差别较大。虽然在过去 40年里 SLE患者的预后已经得到改善，但死亡仍然是主要的 威胁。 SLE早期死亡多归因于病情活动和感染，而后期多死于动脉粥样硬化性血管性疾病。 治疗，特别是? Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease of unknown etiology with diverse manifestations, variable course of disease, and large differences in prognosis. Although the prognosis for SLE patients has improved over the past 40 years, death remains a major threat. SLE early death mostly due to disease activity and infection, but later died of atherosclerotic vascular disease. Treatment, especially?