本文就国内外学者常用的几种保留肛门括约肌的直肠癌手术概述如下。一、病理生理研究:根据Gaston对生理方面的研究曾指出,肛门的功能不仅有赖于肛门括约肌和提肛肌的完整性,而且尚需有一定长度的直肠壁存在,否则将会引起肛门“部分失禁”。Loygue亦指出,要保证良好的肛门功能,必须要保留整个肛管的完整性。 This article summarizes several rectal cancer surgical procedures for retaining the anal sphincter commonly used by scholars at home and abroad. I. Pathophysiology study: According to Gaston’s physiological research, it has been pointed out that the function of the anus depends not only on the integrity of the anal sphincter and levator ani muscle, but also the presence of a certain length of the rectal wall, otherwise it will cause the anus part incontinence". Loygue also pointed out that to ensure good anal function, the integrity of the entire anal canal must be preserved.