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目的了解青岛农业大学入学新生的健康状况及体检异常情况,为高校有效地开展卫生保健及健康教育提供科学依据。方法对青岛农业大学2009—2012年共34 479名入学新生的体检资料进行分析。结果 4 a体检异常情况检出率由高到底依次是视力不良、HBsAg阳性、五官疾病、内外科疾病、高血压、乙肝、肺结核、色觉异常。其中视力不良的检出率为78.49%,女生高于男生(χ2=98.90,P<0.01),城市高于农村(χ2=14.78,P<0.01);HBsAg阳性的检出率为1.74%,乙肝检出率为0.09%,肺结核检出率为0.05%,不同性别及城乡间差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05);五官疾病检出率为1.35%,高血压检出率为0.67%,男生高于女生(P<0.05)。结论应对大学新生进行有关卫生知识及传染病知识的普及宣传健康教育,并建立新生体检档案及异常情况追踪调查记录。
Objective To understand the health status and physical examination abnormalities of freshmen in Qingdao Agricultural University and provide a scientific basis for effective health care and health education in colleges and universities. Methods The physical examination data of 34 479 freshmen from Qingdao Agricultural University from 2009 to 2012 were analyzed. Results The detection rate of physical examination abnormalities in 4 days was abnormal vision, HBsAg positive, facial diseases, internal and external diseases, hypertension, hepatitis B, tuberculosis and abnormal color vision. Among them, the detection rate of poor vision was 78.49%, girls were higher than boys (χ2 = 98.90, P <0.01), and cities were higher than in rural areas (χ2 = 14.78, P <0.01); HBsAg positive rate was 1.74% The detection rate was 0.09%, the detection rate of tuberculosis was 0.05%, and there were significant differences between different sexes and between urban and rural areas (P <0.05). The detection rate of facial features was 1.35% and the detection rate of hypertension was 0.67 %, Boys than girls (P <0.05). Conclusion Freshmen should carry out popularization and health education on health knowledge and infectious disease knowledge, and establish a record of newborn medical records and anomalies tracking investigation.