马尾肿瘤是腰或下肢痛较少见的病因。作者报导40年收治70例的经验,就临床特点、诊断,治疗和预后讨论之。男性44例,女26例,年龄从11～80岁,近半数为31～50岁。计室管膜瘤30例,神经纤维瘤29例、转移性肿瘤8例,脊膜瘤2例、脂肪瘤1例。其中室管膜瘤和神经纤维瘤好发于男性。病程:转移性肿瘤的病程在一年以内,其他均较长。在2年以上者41例(其中22例为室管膜瘤),其中过半数超过5年。临床表现:(1)疼痛最常见(57例),为腰痛及/或坐骨神经痛。早期疼痛时轻时重,但进行性加重并转为持续性。震动可使疼痛加重。35例有平卧痛(夜间疼痛),常在凌晨2～3时痛醒,下床走动可缓介,以致病人常靠椅而睡。产生平卧痛的机制是:卧平后腰前突减少,腰骶管延长,使马尾神经根张力增 Horsetail tumors are less common causes of pain in the lower back or lower limbs. The authors reported on the experience of treating 70 cases in 40 years and discussed the clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. There were 44 males and 26 females, aged from 11 to 80 years, and nearly half were 31 to 50 years old. There were 30 cases of ependymoma, 29 cases of neurofibromas, 8 cases of metastatic tumors, 2 cases of meningoma, and 1 case of lipoma. Which ependymoma and neurofibromatosis occur in men. Course of disease: The course of metastatic tumors is less than one year and all others are longer. Among 41 patients over 2 years (of which 22 cases were ependymoma), more than half of them were over 5 years old. Clinical manifestations: (1) The most common pain (57 cases) was low back pain and/or sciatica. Early pain is light and heavy, but progressively worsens and becomes persistent. Vibration can make the pain worse. 35 cases had supine pain (nocturnal pain), often woke up at 2 or 3 in the morning, and getting out of bed can slow down the process, causing the patient to sleep on the chair. The mechanism that causes lying pain is: lowering of lumbar protrusion before lying down, extension of lumbosacral tube, increasing nerve tension of cauda equina