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目的了解贵州省毕节氟病区居民卫生服务需求与利用情况,为改善氟病区居民卫生服务状况提供参考依据。方法在贵州省毕节氟病区采用分层整群随机抽样方法抽取666名居民进行问卷调查,了解一般情况、氟骨症症状及体征检出情况和卫生服务需求与利用情况,分析不同特征受访者卫生服务需求与利用情况。结果毕节市氟病区居民氟中毒临床症状和体征阳性检出率分别为39.3%(262/666)和31.2%(208/666),症状和体征均为阳性者共254人(38.1%)。氟病区居民2周患病率和慢性病患病率均较高,分别为38.1%(254/666)和35.3%(235/666);女性、老年人、受教育年限<1年、自认为家庭经济水平贫困、氟中毒临床症状和体征分别为阳性者患病率均高于其他人群,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。氟病区居民患病后就诊率较低,为63.7%(163/254);不同性别、年龄、受教育年限、家庭收入状况、氟骨症症状及体征者患病率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。未就诊原因主要为自我治疗、经济困难、自感病情较轻、没时间,分别占47.3%(43/91)、29.7%(27/91)、20.9%(19/91)、4.4%(4/91)。结论贵州省毕节市氟病流行地区居民患病率高,躯体健康状况较差,卫生服务需求高,但利用率不高。
Objective To understand the demand and utilization of health services for residents living in Bijiu fluorosis area in Guizhou province and provide references for improving the health services for residents in fluorosis area. Methods A total of 666 residents were surveyed by stratified cluster random sampling method in Bijie fluorosis area of Guizhou province to investigate the general situation, the detection of skeletal fluorosis symptoms and signs, the demand and utilization of health services, Health service needs and utilization. Results The positive rate of clinical symptoms and signs of fluoride poisoning in residents with fluorosis in Bijie City was 39.3% (262/666) and 31.2% (208/666), respectively. There were 254 persons (38.1%) with positive symptoms and signs. The prevalence rates of 2-week and chronic diseases in residents with fluoride-exposed areas were higher than those in other areas (38.1% (254/666) and 35.3% (235/666 respectively; women and the elderly were less than 1 year, Family economic poverty, clinical symptoms and signs of fluorosis were positive for the prevalence were higher than the other groups, the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). The prevalence rate of residents with fluorosis was lower after the onset of illness (63.7%, 163/254). There was no significant difference in gender, age, years of education, household income, symptoms of fluorosis and the prevalence of signs (P> 0.05). 47.3% (43/91), 29.7% (27/91), 20.9% (19/91) and 4.4% (4%) respectively, the reason of not being treated was self-treatment, / 91). Conclusion The prevalence rate of Fluorosis endemic areas in Bijie City of Guizhou Province is high, the physical health condition is poor, the demand for health care services is high, but the utilization rate is not high.