论文部分内容阅读
基于罗马刑事法的影响、普通法与制定法的确认以及国际人权公约的渗透,英美法系国家形成了一套特有的有利被告话语。作为英美法系中有利被告的程序话语是排除合理怀疑与禁止双重危险,作为其实体话语的是禁止事后法以及刑法的严格解释原则与由此派生的从宽解释规则。英美法系中的此种话语虽与大陆法系国家中的有利被告话语一样是对有利被告理念的表达,但其并非与大陆法系国家的有关话语存在一一对应关系,因而不应互换使用。不同的英美法系国家以及同一国家的不同研究者之间,就有利被告的有关话语所持的态度尚存分歧,这在很大程度上反映出对有利被告理念应该如何贯彻,尚未形成共识。
Based on the impact of Roman criminal law, the recognition of common law and statutory law and the infiltration of international human rights conventions, Anglo-American legal system countries have formed a unique set of favorable defendant discourses. As procedural discourse favors defendants in Anglo-American legal system, it excludes the double danger of reasonable doubt and prohibition. As its substantive discourse, Prohibition of Ex-post Law as well as the strict interpretation of criminal law and the lenient interpretation rules derive therefrom. Although this kind of discourse in Anglo-American legal system, like the favorable defendant discourse in civil law countries, is an expression of favorable defendant’s concept, it does not correspond to the relevant discourse of civil law countries and should not be interchanged use. Different Anglo-American legal system countries and different researchers in the same country have different opinions on the favorable defendant’s discourse, which largely reflects the consensus on how to implement the concept of favorable defendant.