进入21世纪以来,海洋生态环境出现了由于人类越来越严重的破坏和不合理的利用而逐渐恶化的状况,海洋生态安全逐渐被各国所重视。海洋生态安全的保护关乎到国家安全的发展,现阶段许多沿海国家纷纷制定了相关的海洋保护法和发展政策来维护本国的海洋利益,发达国家在此方面做得愈加完善。与此相比发展中国家在海洋法律和战略政策制定上显得薄弱许多,所以我们要研究发达国家治理海洋的法律政策和管理机制以此为戒不断推动我国海洋的可持续发展。 Since the 21st century, the marine ecological environment has gradually deteriorated due to the increasingly serious destruction and irrational use of mankind. Marine ecological security is gradually being valued by all countries. The protection of marine ecological security is related to the development of national security. At this stage, many coastal countries have formulated relevant marine protection laws and development policies to safeguard the marine interests of their own countries, and the developed countries have done more and better in this regard. In contrast, developing countries appear to be weaker in the formulation of maritime laws and strategic policies. Therefore, we must study the legal policies and regulatory mechanisms governing the ocean in developed countries in order to continuously promote the sustainable development of our oceans.