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目的描述妇女妊娠合并贫血状况与分布特征。方法资料来源于“中美预防出生缺陷和残疾合作项目”围生保健监测的常规报告。研究对象为1993年1月～2000年12月间浙江、江苏2省10个县级市孕产妇,共307 829例,采用WHO(2001)推荐的妊娠合并贫血标准诊断计算妇女妊娠合并贫血患病率并描述其分布特征。结果1993～2000年孕期贫血患病总率为73.07％(224 918／307 829,95％CI:72．91％～73.22％)。孕早、中、晚期贫血患病率均呈逐渐下降的趋势。孕早期、孕中期、孕晚期贫血患病率为分别为36．73％(113 078／307 829)、51.93％(159 864／307 829)、60．40％(185 944／307 829),孕早、中、晚期贫血妇女中,中、重度贫血患者所占比例分别为7．80％(8 816／11 3078)、10．82％(17 290／159 864)和14．45％(26 868／185 944)。在分布特征方面,母亲文化程度低、职业为农民者、孕次多、分娩年龄高、多胎妊娠者贫血患病率较高。浙江省孕期贫血患病率高于江苏省。夏秋季是发病高峰。结论我国南方妇女孕期贫血患病率仍处于较高水平,且与妇女分娩年龄、文化程度、职业等因素密切关联。
Objective To describe the status and distribution of anemia in women during pregnancy. Method information is based on a routine report on perinatal health monitoring in the Sino-US Project on Preventing Birth Defects and Disability. The study population was 307 829 pregnant women in 10 county-level cities in Zhejiang and Jiangsu provinces from January 1993 to December 2000. The prevalence of pregnancy complicated with anemia was calculated according to WHO (2001) recommended diagnostic criteria for anemia of pregnancy Rate and describe its distribution characteristics. Results The total prevalence of anemia during the period from 1993 to 2000 was 73.07% (224 918/307 829, 95% CI: 72.91% -73.22%). Premature pregnancy, middle and late anemia prevalence rates showed a gradual decline. The prevalence of anemia in the first trimester, second trimester and third trimester were 36.73% (113 078/307 829), 51.93% (159 864/307 829), 60.40% (185 944/307 829), The proportion of patients with moderate to severe anemia in early, middle and late stages of anemia was 7.80% (8 816/11 3078), 10.82% (17 290/159 864) and 14.45% (26 868) respectively / 185 944). In the distribution of characteristics, the mother’s education level is low, occupations for the peasants, multiple pregnancies, childbearing age, high prevalence of anemia in multiple pregnancies. The prevalence of anemia in Zhejiang Province during pregnancy is higher than that in Jiangsu Province. Summer is the peak incidence. Conclusion The prevalence of anemia among pregnant women in southern China is still at a high level, which is closely related to the age, educational level and occupation of women.