农业生产的基本特点,归根到底就是自然界中物质循环和能量转化的系统。这个系统是研究农业生物种群与非生物环境之间相互作用和相互制约的一定结构和机能的关系,因而称之为农业生态系统。农业生态系统涉及动物生态学(包括鱼类生态学、鸟类生态学、昆虫生态学等)、植物生态学(包括森林生态学、作物生态学、草地生态学等)、微生物生态学、土壤生态学、农田生态学、草原生态学、江河生态学、湖泊生态学、山地生态学以至沙漠生态学等等,是一门范围广泛的综合性基础科学。深入研究农 The basic characteristics of agricultural production, in the final analysis, are the systems of material circulation and energy conversion in nature. This system is to study the relationship between certain structure and function of the interaction and mutual restraint between the agricultural biological population and the abiotic environment, so it is called agro-ecological system. Agro-ecosystems include animal ecology (including fish ecology, bird ecology, insect ecology), plant ecology (including forest ecology, crop ecology, grassland ecology, etc.), microbial ecology, soil ecology Learning, farmland ecology, grassland ecology, river ecology, lake ecology, mountain ecology and even desert ecology and so on, is a comprehensive range of basic sciences. In-depth study of agriculture