论文部分内容阅读
SAMHD1蛋白全称为不育-α-基序结构域(SAM域)和组氨酸/天冬氨酸残基双联体结构域(HD域)包涵蛋白1,是由真核生物SAMHD1基因编码的蛋白质。研究表明SAMHD1蛋白对机体固有免疫有调控作用,它能够明显上调抗病毒免疫应答,介导由干扰素引起的炎症反应,参与宿主对入侵病毒的防御体系。早期的研究主要集中在其基因突变引起的Aicardi-Goutières综合征(AGS),最新研究发现SAMHD1作为一种核酸水解酶,具有代谢耗竭髓样细胞和树突状细胞内dNTP池从而抑制I型艾滋病病毒(Human immunodeficiency virus,HIV-1)cDNA合成的功能。而HIV-2和猴免疫缺陷病毒(SIVsm/mac)辅助基因编码的Vpx蛋白则能拮抗SAMHD1对病毒复制的抑制作用。近年来,有关SAMHD1蛋白的功能及其抗病毒作用机制的研究进展迅速,本文主要对此加以综述。
The SAMHD1 protein is fully referred to as the infertility-α-motif domain (SAM domain) and the histidine / aspartate doublet domain (HD domain) inclusion protein 1, which is encoded by the eukaryotic SAMHD1 gene protein. Studies have shown that SAMHD1 protein plays a regulatory role in the innate immunity of the organism. It can significantly up-regulate the anti-viral immune response, mediate the inflammatory response caused by interferon, and participate in the host defense against the invading virus. Earlier studies focused on Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS) caused by gene mutation. The latest study found that SAMHD1, as a kind of nucleic acid hydrolase, has metabolic depletion of myeloid cells and dNTPs in dendritic cells to inhibit type I AIDS Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) cDNA synthesis. The Vpx protein encoded by HIV-2 and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVsm / mac) helper genes could antagonize the inhibitory effect of SAMHD1 on viral replication. In recent years, the research on the function of SAMHD1 protein and its anti-virus mechanism has been rapidly progressed. This article mainly reviews this.