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目的了解甘肃省学生营养状况,为改善学生营养提供依据。方法根据2010年全国学生体质健康调研要求,测量学生身高、体质量,以2000年中国儿童青少年身高标准体质量筛查标准作为学生营养状况的评价标准。结果 2010年甘肃省汉族学生营养不良的检出率为9.69%,较低体质量的检出率为44.55%,体质量超标的检出率为4.08%,肥胖的检出率为7.19%。乡村学生较低体质量检出率高于城市学生(u=5.75,P<0.01),城市学生肥胖率高于乡村学生(u=10.64,P<0.01),男生营养不良率高于女生(u=5.02,P<0.01),男生肥胖率高于女生(u=7.07,P<0.01),差异均有统计学意义。2010年与2005年比较,学生营养不良率下降了1.62个百分点,较低体质量率下降了5.13个百分点,正常体质量率上升了3.94个百分点,体质量超标率上升了1.04个百分点,肥胖率上升了1.75个百分点,差异均有统计学意义。结论甘肃省汉族学生营养不良与营养过剩并存,应引起有关部门的重视,要采取有针对性的营养干预规划,通过综合措施达到改善学生营养状况的目的。
Objective To understand the nutritional status of students in Gansu Province to provide the basis for improving students’ nutrition. Methods According to the requirements of 2010 National Students’ Physical Health Survey, the height and body mass of students were measured. The standard of body mass of Chinese children and adolescents in 2000 was used as the assessment standard of nutritional status of students. Results The prevalence of malnutrition in Han students in Gansu Province was 9.69% in 2010, the detection rate of low body weight was 44.55%, the detection rate of overweight body weight was 4.08%, and the detection rate of obesity was 7.19%. The prevalence of lower body weight in rural students was higher than that in urban students (u = 5.75, P <0.01), and the prevalence of obesity in urban students was higher than that of rural students (u = 10.64, P <0.01) = 5.02, P <0.01). The obesity rate of boys was higher than that of girls (u = 7.07, P <0.01). The differences were statistically significant. Compared with 2005, the malnutrition rate of students decreased by 1.62 percentage points, the lower body mass rate decreased by 5.13 percentage points, the normal body mass rate increased by 3.94 percentage points, the body mass excess rate increased by 1.04 percentage points, and the obesity rate An increase of 1.75 percentage points, the differences were statistically significant. Conclusions The coexistence of malnutrition and overnutrition in Han students in Gansu province should be paid more attention by relevant departments. Targeted nutrition intervention planning should be adopted to achieve the goal of improving students’ nutritional status through comprehensive measures.