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通过稀释分离方法从江西德兴铜矿矿山废水中富集而来的混合菌中分离得到菌株Leptospirillum ferriphilum YXW,再利用超声波、紫外线和微波对其进行诱变,筛选出更高效的细菌用于金矿的浸出。生理生化特性实验显示,菌株YXW为极端化能自养型细菌,最佳的生长条件为温度40°C,pH=1.5。诱变后,细菌浓度分别可达到9×109(超声波)、8.4×109(紫外线)和4.3×108mL 1(微波),与原始菌相比,分别提高了291%、265%和87%。微波和紫外诱变后,细菌总蛋白活性升高,而超声诱变后,细菌总蛋白活性降低。诱变对细菌浸出金矿的影响由大到小的排列顺序是微波、紫外线、超声波。在金矿浸出过程中,微波诱变后的细菌具有最好的浸出效果。浸出10 d后,As和Fe的浸出率分别高出原始菌19.6%和17.7%。结果表明,诱变对细菌浸出金矿效果的提高,可能不在于细菌浓度的增大,而是取决于细菌总蛋白活性的提高。
The strain Leptospirillum ferriphilum YXW was isolated from the mixed bacteria collected from the mine wastewater of Dexing Copper Mine in Jiangxi Province by means of dilution and separation method. The strain Leptospirillum ferriphilum YXW was mutagenized by ultrasonic, UV and microwave to screen more efficient bacteria for gold Leaching of ore. Physiological and biochemical characteristics experiments showed that the strain YXW is an extreme autotrophic bacterium. The optimum growth conditions are temperature 40 ° C, pH = 1.5. After mutagenesis, the bacterial concentrations reached 9 × 109 (ultrasound), 8.4 × 109 (UV) and 4.3 × 108 mL 1 (microwave) respectively, which were 291%, 265% and 87% higher than the original bacteria. After microwave and UV mutagenesis, the total bacterial activity increased, while the bacterial total protein activity decreased after ultrasound mutagenesis. The effects of mutagenesis on bacterial leaching of gold from high to low are microwaves, ultraviolet light, and ultrasound. During the gold leaching process, the bacteria after microwave mutagenesis have the best leaching effect. After leaching for 10 days, the leaching rates of As and Fe were 19.6% and 17.7% higher than those of the original bacteria respectively. The results show that the effect of mutagenesis on bacterial leaching of gold ore may not be due to the increase of bacterial concentration, but rather the increase of bacterial total protein activity.