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目的:对本地区听力筛查异常婴儿ABR测试结果进行分析并总结其特点。方法:对140例新生儿听力筛查异常者在3个月龄左右时进行第1次ABR测试,第1次ABR诊断异常者于6个月龄左右进行第2次ABR测试,并进行统计分析。结果:140例婴儿经第1次ABR诊断,65例正常(46.43%);75例有单耳或双耳听力障碍(53.57%),其中单耳17.14%,双耳36.43%,以轻度听力障碍为最多,占27.14%,极重度听力障碍亦不少见,占14.29%;男、女听力障碍的发病率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),高危儿与非高危儿发生听力障碍例数经比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),重度以上听力损失例数高危儿与非高危儿比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。第2次ABR复诊38例,正常8例,总正常率52.14%(73/140);16例轻度听力障碍中10例转为正常或好转、6例无变化或加重,3例中度听力障碍中1例好转、2例无变化,9例重度听力障碍中3例好转、3例无变化、3例加重,10例极重度听力障碍中9例无变化或加重,1例脑瘫儿极重度听力障碍转归为正常;非高危儿听力好转情况显著高于高危儿(P<0.05)。结论:应全面开展新生儿听力筛查,重点关注高危儿听力损失;重度以下听力障碍具有可变性,对脑瘫等特殊儿童听力情况评估应慎重;应尽快建立健全的追踪、随访和管理体系。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze and summarize the ABR test results of abnormal hearing screening babies in this area. Methods: The first ABR test was performed on 140 neonates with abnormal hearing screening at about 3 months of age. The first ABR test was performed at the age of 6 months after the first ABR diagnosis, and statistical analysis was performed . Results: One hundred and forty-four infants diagnosed by ABR were normal (46.43%). One hundred and seventy patients had hearing loss (53.57%), including 17.14% of single ear and 36.43% of both ears with mild hearing The incidence of hearing loss was the highest (27.14%), and severe hearing loss was not uncommon (14.29%). There was no significant difference in the incidence of hearing impairment between male and female (P> 0.05) The difference was statistically insignificant (P> 0.05). There were significant differences in the number of severe hearing loss cases between high-risk and non-high-risk children (P <0.05). The second ABR referral was 38 cases, the normal 8 cases, the total normal rate was 52.14% (73/140); 16 cases of mild hearing impairment in 10 cases turned normal or improved, 6 cases no change or aggravate, 3 cases of moderate hearing 1 case improved, 2 cases had no change, 3 cases improved in 9 cases with severe hearing impairment, 3 cases did not change, 3 cases aggravated, 9 cases in 10 cases with severe hearing impairment did not change or aggravate, 1 case had severe cerebral palsy Hearing impairment was normal; non-high-risk children’s hearing improvement was significantly higher than that of high-risk children (P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Newborn hearing screening should be carried out comprehensively, focusing on the hearing loss of high-risk infants; the hearing impairment is variable under severe conditions; the hearing conditions of special children such as cerebral palsy should be assessed with caution; and a sound tracking, follow-up and management system should be established as soon as possible.