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在正常情况下,心脏排血量与靜脉回流血量之间,經常保持着一定的平衡关系。一旦失去平衡,即可誘发心力衰竭的出現。因此,心力衰竭的基本治疗应以增强心肌的收縮能力和減輕心脏的負担,从而促使上述平衡关系的恢复为原则。心力衰竭时,由于腎脏血流量的減少和腎小球滤过率的降低,致使鈉与水分的排泄減少。由于电解質和水分的瀦留,一方面使血液的渗透压增高,刺戟下视丘的渗透压感受器,从而引致抗利尿激素的分泌增多,进一步导致水与鈉的瀦留。另方面又可使靜脉压升高,致使肝脏血流量減少,类固醇对腎小管的回吸
Under normal circumstances, the amount of cardiac output and venous return blood volume, often maintain a certain balance between. Once out of balance, you can induce the emergence of heart failure. Therefore, the basic treatment of heart failure should be to enhance myocardial contractility and reduce the burden on the heart, so as to promote the restoration of the balance of the principle. Heart failure, due to the reduction of renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate decreased, resulting in decreased sodium and water excretion. As electrolyte and water retention, on the one hand so that the blood increased the osmotic pressure, halberd under the hypothalamus osmoreceptors, resulting in increased secretion of anti-diuretic hormone, and further lead to retention of water and sodium. On the other hand can make the venous pressure increased, resulting in decreased blood flow to the liver, steroid absorption of renal tubules