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目的了解武汉市青山区小学新生结核病感染情况,探索学校发现和预防肺结核的方法。方法对青山区2011年小学一年级新生3 661人进行结核菌素试验(PPD)检查,将结果进行统计分析,采用χ2检验进行统计学处理;对结核菌素试验强阳性学生进行查痰和拍片检查。结果武汉市青山区小学新生PPD试验反应的男女性别差异无显著性;PPD阴性率为52.77%;一般阳性率和强阳性率分别44.52%,2.70%。户籍人口学生的强阳性率2.38%,非户籍人口学生的强阳性率为6.38%;户籍学生卡痕率99.88%,非户籍学生卡痕率94.97%;户籍学生与非户籍学生在阳性和强阳性率、卡痕率上均有显著性差异。99名强阳性学生进一步检查者67人,未发现活动性肺结核病人,且所有PPD强阳性学生均未进行预防性治疗。结论应进一步提高儿童计划免疫接种质量和非户籍学生的管理,预防和减少在小学发生结核病的风险。
Objective To understand the prevalence of tuberculosis among primary freshmen in Qingshan District of Wuhan City and explore ways to find and prevent tuberculosis in schools. Methods A total of 3 661 freshmen of primary school in Qingshan district in 2011 were tested for tuberculin test (PPD). The results were statistically analyzed and statistically analyzed by χ2 test. The patients with strong positive tuberculin test were sputum sputum and filming an examination. Results There was no significant difference in the PPD test between primary freshmen in Qingshan District of Wuhan City. The negative rate of PPD was 52.77%. The positive rate and strong positive rate were 44.52% and 2.70% respectively. The strong positive rate of registered population students was 2.38%. The strong positive rate of non-registered population students was 6.38%. The enrollment rate was 99.88%. The rate of non-registered students was 94.97%. The positive and strong positive Rate, card rate were significantly different. Of the 99 strong positive students, 67 were further examinations, no active pulmonary tuberculosis was found, and none of the PPD-positive students had any preventive treatment. Conclusion The quality of planned immunization and the management of non-resident students should be further improved to prevent and reduce the risk of tuberculosis in primary schools.