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本文是十三年来小麦品种抗叶锈性鉴定工作的系统总结。十三年来在温室和田间共测定了小麦材料6798份(次),鉴定出一批抗叶锈病的中间材料和抗源,为培育和推广抗锈良种提供了抗锈材料,并提出应压缩种植面积的感病品种,和不应采用的感病材料,对生产和抗病育种有积极的指导意义。在理论和方法上指出了测定品种抗锈性时应有群体观念,应研究品种与锈菌群体的关系。提出了生态类群概念和指出测定抗锈性时应注意在不同生态条件下形成的锈菌的群体毒性可能不同。此外还提出不仅研究个体品种的抗锈性,还应研究几个品种的联合抗病性等,为提高抗病育种的功效,提供了理论依据和新的工作方法。
This article is a systematic summary of the identification of leaf rust resistance in wheat varieties over the past thirteen years. Thirteen years in the greenhouse and fields were measured in a total of 6798 wheat (copies), identified a number of intermediate materials and resistance to leaf rust resistance, rust resistance for breeding and promotion of anti-rust materials provided and should be compressed planting Area of susceptible varieties, and should not be used as susceptible materials, the production and resistance breeding has a positive guiding significance. In the theory and method, it is pointed out that there should be a concept of group in determining the rust resistance of varieties, and the relationship between varieties and groups of rust should be studied. The concept of ecotone was proposed and it was pointed out that the population toxicity of rusts formed under different ecological conditions may be different when determining the rust resistance. In addition, it is proposed not only to study the rust resistance of individual varieties, but also to study the joint disease resistance of several varieties and so on, providing theoretical basis and new working methods for improving the efficacy of disease-resistant breeding.