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针对集装箱运输中,企业自身的运输车队能力有限制,为了应对日益增长的竞争压力,在考虑运营成本以及不确定性需求的基础上,提出研究具有连续工班数量折扣的集卡车队业务外包决策问题。从竞争和社会效应的角度分析,以成本最小化为目标,提出一个扩展的VRPTW车辆调度模型,并建立以车辆空驶里程和碳排放为指标的评价体系。通过设定数量折扣规则、调整任务时间窗,获得不同连续工班组合的外包方案,并探讨不同的参数设定对决策方案的影响;最后通过算例仿真对模型的有效性进行了验证。试验结果表明:采用不同连续工班数量折扣下的外包决策方案对于车队外包作业,以及在提高车辆利用率和社会效益方面具有显著优势,并探讨在此基础上新的研究机会。
In order to cope with the increasing competition pressure, based on the limitation of operation cost and uncertainty, this paper puts forward the research on the decision-making of truck fleet outsourcing with the number of consecutive work shifts problem. From the perspective of competition and social effects, we propose an extended VRPTW vehicle scheduling model with the goal of minimizing costs, and establish an evaluation system based on vehicle free-range and carbon emissions. By setting the quantity discount rules and adjusting the mission time window, the outsourcing solutions of different continuous work-shift combinations are obtained and the influence of different parameter settings on the decision-making scheme is discussed. At last, the validity of the model is verified through a simulation example. The experimental results show that outsourcing decision-making scheme under the different number of consecutive work shifts has significant advantages for fleet outsourcing operations, as well as improving vehicle utilization and social benefits, and exploring new research opportunities based on this.