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目的分析2005-2015年宜昌市疟疾流行趋势,为巩固消除疟疾成果,有效控制该地区疟疾疫情提供参考。方法收集整理宜昌市2005-2015年11年间疟疾报告病例监测数据,采用SPSS 17.0统计软件进行统计分析。结果宜昌市2005-2015年11年间共报告疟疾病例142例,平均年报告发病率为0.31/10万;夏秋季为高发月份;城区病例构成比最高;男性发病显著高于女性,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=115.380,P<0.01);年龄构成上以30~、40~岁组为主,职业以工人、农民为主;输入性病例占76.06%,均来自非洲及东南亚国家;感染分型上间日疟构成比最大,为68.31%;随时间推移,恶性疟病例在构成上逐年升高。结论在巩固消除疟疾成果的同时,需进一步联防联控、对重点人群进行有效的健康教育,提高医务人员镜检能力,正确诊断、及时治疗,从而有效控制输入性病例。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological trend of malaria in Yichang City from 2005 to 2015 and provide reference for consolidating the achievements in eliminating malaria and effectively controlling the malaria epidemic in this area. Methods The monitoring data of cases of malaria in Yichang City collected during the 11 years from 2005 to 2015 were collected and analyzed by SPSS 17.0 statistical software. Results A total of 142 cases of malaria were reported in Yichang City from 2005 to 2015, with an average annual incidence of 0.31 / 100 000; summer and autumn were the high incidence months; the highest proportion of cases in urban areas was found; the incidence of males was significantly higher than that of females (Χ ~ 2 = 115.380, P <0.01). The age composition was dominated by 30 ~ 40 years old group with workers and peasants as the major occupations. The imported cases accounted for 76.06% of the total, both from Africa and Southeast Asian countries. Infection The composition ratio of Volatile Plasmodium falciparum was the highest at 68.31%, and over time, the incidence of P. falciparum increased year by year. Conclusion While consolidating the results of malaria elimination, it is necessary to further prevent and control the imported patients by carrying out effective joint prevention and control, effective health education of key populations, improving the ability of medical staff to scintigraphy, correct diagnosis and prompt treatment.