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乌克兰前寒武纪金矿床可以划分为三种成因类型,第一种是近第聂伯流域中部所特有的类型,与绿岩构造的形成和改造有关;第二种分布于乌克兰地盾中部,与晚太古代-早元古代碎屑岩层中金的再分配有关;第三种产于波布热中部,形成于地壳-上地幔分界线处的早-晚元古代成矿构造中。 矿床的成矿作用具有多期的特征,发生在很宽的温度(500～50℃)范围和压力(260～60MPa)条件下。在再分配作用(2900～400Ma)中,金产生自纯并提高了成色。金的聚集是不连续的,与构造-交代活化作用密切相关。 在自然金和含金矿物(硫化物、石英、角闪石)中的杂质矿物有辉铋矿、赤铜矿、自然铜、辰砂、辉银矿、螺状硫银矿、雌黄、辉铁镍矿、金红石、磁铁矿、硒铊银铜矿、方铅矿、闪锌矿、辉铜矿、磁黄铁矿、辉锑矿、斜磁黄铁矿、白铁矿、毒砂、银和铀矿物——水磷铀矿和钛铀矿。矿物和气液包体的硫、氧、氢同位素研究说明流体起源于变质-岩浆成因的热液。 综合地质、地球化学、矿物学和同位素-地球化学的研究,拟定了一个金矿成因的理论模式,提出了前寒武纪各种构造-地质环境中金的找矿准则,并预测可能出现新的成因类型。地质普查工作的成果表明,在乌克兰地盾地质建造的含金性高,可望扩大金矿物原料基地。
The Precambrian gold deposits in Ukraine can be divided into three types of genesis. The first one is a type peculiar to the middle of the Dnepr basin, which is related to the formation and transformation of the greenstone structure. The second one is located in the central part of Ukraine, Archean - Early Proterozoic clastic rock gold redistribution; third produced in the middle of the cloth geothermal, formed in the crust - upper mantle boundary at Early - Late Proterozoic mineralization structure. The mineralization of the deposit has multi-period characteristics and occurs under a wide range of temperature (500 ~ 50 ℃) and pressure (260 ~ 60MPa). In redistribution (2900 ~ 400Ma), gold is produced from pure and improved color. The aggregation of gold is not continuous, and is closely related to the tectonic-account activation. Impurities in natural gold and gold-bearing minerals (sulfides, quartz, amphiboles) include bismuthinite, cuprite, natural copper, cinnabar, pyrrhotite, spiroithiite, orpiment, Mine, rutile, magnetite, selenium and thallium silver-copper mine, galena, sphalerite, chalcocite, pyrrhotite, stibnite, pyrrhotite, marcasite, arsenopyrite, Uranium minerals - aquifer phosphorus uranium deposits and titanium uranium deposits. Sulfur, oxygen and hydrogen isotope studies of minerals and gas-liquid inclusions indicate that the fluid originated from metamorphic-magmatic hydrothermal fluids. Based on the study of geology, geochemistry, mineralogy and isotope-geochemistry, a theoretical model of the genesis of gold mines was proposed, and the prospecting criteria of gold in various tectonic-geological environments of the Precambrian were proposed, Cause type. The results of the geological census showed that the geologic construction of the Ukraine Geological Shield is high in gold content and is expected to expand the gold mineral raw material base.