问题 改革使一批国有企业初步显示出生机和活力,但是大部分企业目前所处状况仍然令人担忧。这些企业“老兵、老枪、老产品、老债务”“四老”缠身,积累的问题愈来愈突出。 一、资产存量结构不合理。由于长期计划经济体制制约,国有企业在地区布局、行业分布等方面先天不足。许多加工企业远离原材料产地,采购成本、运输费用很高;一些企业建在大城市中,发展生产与改善城市功能矛盾很大;在工业内部传统加工制造业和原材料工业所 Problems The reforms have caused a group of state-owned enterprises to initially show birth and vitality, but the current situation of most companies is still worrying. These enterprises have “veterans, old guns, old products, old debts” and “four old people”, and the accumulated problems have become increasingly prominent. I. The asset stock structure is irrational. Due to the long-term planned economic system, state-owned enterprises are in short supply in terms of regional distribution and industry distribution. Many processing companies are far away from the origin of raw materials, and the procurement costs and transportation costs are high. Some enterprises are built in big cities and have great contradictions between the development of production and improvement of urban functions; the traditional processing and manufacturing industries and raw material industries within the industry