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公元960年,后周大将赵匡胤于陈桥驿发动兵变,率大军回师京城,登基称帝,建立宋朝,年号“建隆”。宋初吸取了唐末五代政治动荡、社会混乱的教训,实行“崇文抑武”的立国之策。随着科举制度在宋代的更加完善,有宋一代文官系统庞大,继而文人士大夫阶层成为国家、社会的重要组成集团。在宋代,对于文人士大夫的界定,广义上说就是知识分子阶层,即所谓读书人,因为此时文人多与科举有密切联系;狭义上讲是指得以
In 960 AD, General Zhou Kuangyin launched a mutiny at Chen QiaoYi in the late Zhou Dynasty, and led the army to return to the capital to establish the Song Dynasty with the title of “Song Dynasty” and “Jianlong”. Early Song Dynasty learned the political turmoil of the late Tang and Five Dynasties, social chaos, the implementation of “Chongwenyouwu ” the founding policy. As the system of imperial examination was more perfect in the Song Dynasty, there was a large system of civil servants in the Song Dynasty, and then the literati and the doctor-class became important groups of the country and society. In the Song Dynasty, the definition of a literati and a doctor was, in a broad sense, the intellectual class, the so-called scholar, because literary men and women were often closely linked to the imperial examination at this time; narrowly,